防波板对罐车模型内液体晃荡影响的试验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF BAFFLE ON LIQUID SLOSHING IN A TANK MODEL

作　　者：段林林 杨智荣[1] 张一鸣 刘岑凡 刘峰[1] DUAN Linlin;YANG Zhirong;ZHANG Yiming;LIU Cenfan;LIU Feng(Key Laboratory of Special Equipment Safety and Energy-saving for State Market Regulation,China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute,Beijing 100029,China;China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]国家市场监管重点实验室(特种设备安全与节能),中国特种设备检测研究院,北京100029 [2]中国石油大学(北京),北京102249

出　　处：《力学与实践》2023年第5期1109-1116,共8页Mechanics in Engineering

基　　金：中国特种设备检测研究院内部科研项目(2018青年13);国家市场监督管理总局科技计划项目(2021MK177)资助。

摘　　要：罐车属于典型的移动式压力容器,在危险化学品运输中占有重要的地位。研究防波板对罐车液体晃荡产生冲击载荷的影响对于罐车的设计、防翻滚等具有重要意义。本文针对典型罐车模型进行试验,研究了载液高度、激励频率、激励幅值对液体晃荡引起的冲击载荷的影响,对比分析了有无防波板时自由液面的形状、罐车端面和防波板位置的冲击载荷峰值。试验结果发现:防波板会改变自由液面的固有频率,自由液面剧烈晃动的激励频率较无防波板时增大;防波板能有效降低相同激励频率和激励幅值下的冲击载荷峰值。在试验的激励频率范围内,中等载液高度时,防波板自由液面处的冲击载荷峰值大于同高度的罐车端面;高载液工况下,在自由液面以下的位置,罐车端面受冲击载荷峰值变化比防波板明显。在本研究基础上,通过实际罐车参数和液体晃动数值模拟,可对罐车和防波板的结构设计和优化提供指导。The tank is a typical mobile pressure vessel,which plays an important role in the hazardous chemical transportation.Research on the influence of baffle on liquid sloshing have great significance to the design and anti-rolling of tank.In this work,the influence of liquid height,excitation frequency and excitation amplitude on the impact pressure caused by liquid sloshing were studied by experiments on a typical tank model.The shape of free surface and the peak of impact pressure on the tank wall and baffle were investigated.The experimental results show that the natural frequency of the free surface will change with the installation of the baffle,and the excitation frequency of the severe sloshing of the free surface increases after installing the baffle in the tank model.The baffle can effectively reduce the peak of impact pressure under the same excitation frequency and amplitude.Within the excitation frequency range of the test,with half of liquid height,the peak of impact pressure at the free surface of the baffle is higher than the tank wall at the same height;under the condition of high liquid,the peak of impact pressure on the tank wall is more obvious than that on the baffle at the height below the free surface.On the basis of this research,the actual characteristics of the tank and the numerical modelling of liquid sloshing may offer direction for the structural design and optimization of both the tank and baffle.

关 键 词：罐车 液体晃荡 防波板 冲击载荷 

分 类 号：TH49[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]