不同温度处理对毛酸浆花芽分化和生理特性的影响  

Effects of different temperature treatments on flower bud differentiation and physiological property of Physalis pubescens L.

作　　者：徐文娟[1] 刘丹丹 王雅楠 张承天 唐菁 乔鸿凯 刘晨旭 XU Wenjuan;LIU Dandan;WANG Ya’nan;ZHANG Chengtian;TANG Jing;QIAO Hongkai;LIU Chenxu(College of Horticulture Anhui,Agricultural University,Hefei,Anhui 230036,China;Huai Nan Agricultural Institute,Huainan,Anhui 232000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学园艺学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]淮南市农业科学研究院,安徽淮南232000

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2023年第6期88-96,共9页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：安徽省农作物良种选育项目(22805003)。

摘　　要：为探讨温度对毛酸浆花芽分化的影响,以‘大黄菇娘’毛酸浆品种为试验对象,在花芽分化期分别设置27℃/20℃(CK)、23℃/16℃(T1)、31℃/24℃(T2)和35℃/28℃(T3)4个不同温度处理,研究毛酸浆花芽的形态分化过程变化及花芽分化进程中内源激素、碳水化合物、抗氧化酶等生理指标的变化。结果表明:低温(T1)和CK处理条件下,毛酸浆花芽分化进程基本相同;而高温处理(T2和T3)的花芽分化启动时间较CK处理提前,且在5L期花芽分化已达50%及以上,高温处理下的萼片原基分化不能形成闭合的套状结构,后期表现为果实裸露在宿存花萼的外部;CK和T1处理的果实均是正常果,但高温处理下畸形果比例达到50%以上。不同处理在3L期全氮含量表现为T3T2>CK>T1。高温处理下的SOD活性呈先降低后升高趋势,并且在4L期SOD活性分别比CK处理提高24.5%和25.9%。高温处理下POD活性呈先升高后降低趋势,表现为T3>T2>CK。随着分化进程,高温处理下ABA、IAA、ZR和GA3含量在3L期达到最高值,而低温和CK处理在4L期才达到最高值;其中在3L期,T2和T3处理IAA含量分别比CK处理提高31.5%和62.5%,GA3含量分别比CK处理提高107.4%和87.9%,T2和T3处理的ABA/IAA、ZR/IAA比值均低于CK处理;在毛酸浆花芽分化过程中,T1处理的ABA/GA3比值高于其他3个处理,与CK相比提高24.1%~37.8%。CK条件下,毛酸浆在3L期积累了大量的可溶性糖和果糖,其中可溶性糖分别比T1、T2、T3处理提高75.8%、33.6%、16.8%。综上可知,不同温度处理会影响毛酸浆的花芽分化,高温能够促进激素合成,影响氮含量和可溶性糖、果糖的积累,调控抗氧化酶活性,促进毛酸浆的花芽分化,但会导致畸形果的产生。To explore the effects of temperature on the flower bud differentiation of Physalis pubescens L.,this study took the‘Dahuang guniang’Physalis pubescens variety as the experimental material.Different temperature treatments at the flower bud differentiation stage of 27℃/20℃(CK),23℃/16℃(T1),31℃/24℃(T2)and 35℃/28℃(T3)were used to study the morphological differentiation process of Physalis pubescens flower bud and the changes of endogenous hormones,carbohydrates,antioxidant enzymes and other physiological indicators during the flower bud differentiation process.The results showed that the process of flower bud differentiation of Physalis pubescens was the same under low temperature treatment(T1)and CK treatment.The initiation time of flower bud differentiation of high temperature treatment(T2 and T3)was not only earlier than CK,but also earlier than CK to complete the process of flower bud differentiation.The sepal primordium differentiation under high temperature treatment could not form a closed sleeve structure,and the fruit was exposed outside the persistent calyx in the later stage.The fruits of CK and T1 were normal,but the proportion of deformed fruit reached 50%and above under high temperature treatment.Total nitrogen content of different treatments showed T3<T2<CK<T1 in the 3L stage.However,the total nitrogen content of T2 and T3 treatments was 30.7%and 40.1%lower than CK in the 3L stage,respectively.The activity of CAT showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing and reached the highest value with T3>T2>CK>T1 in the 3L stage.The SOD activity under high temperature treatment showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing,and at the 4L stage,the SOD activity was 24.5%and 25.9%higher than CK,respectively.Under the higher temperature treatments,the POD activity showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and compared with CK,with the effect order of T3>T2>CK.As the differentiation process progresses,the content of ABA,IAA,ZR,and GA 3 reaches its highest value at t

关 键 词：毛酸浆 温度处理 花芽分化 生理特性 

分 类 号：S641.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]