水平井钻柱系统动力学特性分析模型的建立  

Establishment of Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Model for Drill String System of Horizontal Well

作　　者：吴泽兵 张文溪 袁若飞 沈飞 刘家乐 贺啸林 Wu Zebing;Zhang Wenxi;Yuan Ruofei;Shen Fei;Liu Jiale;He Xiaolin(Mechanical Engineering College,Xi'an Shiyou University)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学机械工程学院

出　　处：《石油机械》2023年第11期61-69,131,共10页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目“基于深度学习的智能送钻系统目标钻压实时获取及控制优化”(2022KW-10);西安石油大学研究生创新与实践项目“水平井钻柱系统的工作特性分析”(YCS23114149)。

摘　　要：相较于直井及斜直井,水平井应用较广,但目前关于水平井整体钻柱动力学特性的研究不够深入。为探究其动力学特性,基于有限单元法以及钻柱动力学方程,综合考虑弯曲井眼轨道、钻柱与井壁非线性碰撞接触等因素,建立水平井钻柱系统钻进仿真模型,将仿真模型结果与Johancsik模型对比,验证了仿真模型的准确性。通过模拟钻进全程来剖析稳定器、大钩载荷以及卡钻情况对钻柱系统整体动力学特性的影响。研究结果表明:三维模拟分析钻柱与井壁接触力及钻柱振动验证了稳定器可减少钻柱与井壁的碰撞;当卡钻情况发生时,水平段和竖直段钻柱屈曲特性逐渐从螺旋屈曲转变为正弦屈曲;较之于未施加大钩载荷的情况,施加大钩载荷后降低了钻柱的钻进速度,缓解了钻柱的振动,验证了实际作业中施加大钩载荷的必要性;经模拟分析确定临界大钩载荷,当在钻柱端施加的大钩载荷大于临界值时,钻柱在钻进过程中会发生卡钻的情况;当其小于临界值时,大钩载荷的值越大钻柱轴向进给及横向振动越稳定,钻柱与井壁的接触力越小,在实际钻井作业中可依据井况调整大钩载荷的值。研究成果可为钻柱研究设计及结构优化提供参考。Compared with vertical and slant wells,horizontal wells are widely used,but the research on the overall dynamic characteristics of the drill string in horizontal wells is not deep enough.To explore its dynamic characteristics,based on the finite element method and the dynamic equation of the drill string,after having comprehensively considered factors such as crooked hole trajectory,and nonlinear collision contact between the drill string and the borehole wall,a simulation model for drilling of drill string system in a horizontal well was built;then,the simulation model results were compared with the Johancsik model to verify the accuracy of the simulation model;finally,by means of simulating the entire drilling process,the impact of stabilizer,hook load and sticking condition on the overall dynamic characteristics of the drill string system was analyzed.The research results are as follows.First,the 3D simulation analysis on the contact force between the drill string and the borehole wall as well as the vibration of the drill string verifies that the stabilizer can reduce the collision between the drill string and the borehole wall.Second,when sticking occurs,the buckling characteristics of the drill string in horizontal and vertical sections gradually change from helical buckling to sinusoidal buckling.Third,compared with the situation where the hook load is not applied,the application of the hook load reduces the drilling speed of the drill string,and alleviates the vibration of the drill string,verifying the necessity of applying hook load in actual operation.Fourth,the critical hook load is determined by simulation analysis,when the hook load applied to drill string is greater than the critical value,the drill string suffers from sticking during the drilling process,but when the hook load applied to drill string is less than the critical value,the larger the value of the hook load,the more stable the axial feed and lateral vibration of the drill string,the smaller the contact force between the drill string an

关 键 词：水平井 钻柱系统 动力学特性 屈曲 卡钻 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]