中国草原制度变迁逻辑:制度成本调节与牧民行为博弈——以内蒙古B嘎查为例  

The Logic of Institutional Change in Chinese Grassland:Institutional Cost Adjustment and Herdsmen Behavior Game--Take B Gacha, Inner Mongolia as an Example

作　　者：武俊伟 WU Jun-wei(School of Public Administration,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010070,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学公共管理学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010070

出　　处：《内蒙古社会科学》2023年第6期50-57,共8页Inner Mongolia Social Sciences

基　　金：内蒙古大学高层次人才科研启动项目(编号:10000-23112101/039)。

摘　　要：改革开放以来中国草原制度频繁调整,折射出草原大国制度变迁的复杂性。以内蒙古牧区草原制度变迁为例,剖析了草原制度变迁的动因和机制,研究发现,草原制度产生的制度成本需要行动者共同分担,而成本分担不均常常引发行动者利益冲突,导致草原制度变迁。具体而言,草原制度成本不断上升,增加了牧民成本分担压力,牧民获利空间逐步被缩减。为此,牧民采取成本转移、利益博弈、制度套利等差异化行为予以应对,持续对制度变迁施加压力,促使国家对牧民制度需求作出回应,从而驱动草原制度调整。因此,政府需重视草原制度成本问题,通过建立科学合理的成本分担机制,进一步稳定和完善中国草原制度。Since the reform and opening up,China's grassland system has changed frequently,reflecting the complexity of the system change in a large grassland country.Taking the institutional change of grassland in Inner Mongolia as an example,this paper discusses the motivation and mechanism of institutional change of grassland.It is found that the institutional cost generated by the grassland system needs to be shared by the actors,and the uneven cost sharing often leads to the conflict of interests of the actors,leading to the change of the grassland system.Specifically,the cost of the grassland system continues to rise,increasing the cost sharing pressure of herders,and gradually reducing their interest space.To this end,herdsmen have adopted differentiated behaviors such as cost transfer,interest gaming,and institutional arbitrage to respond,continuously exerting pressure on institutional changes,prompting the country to respond to the needs of herdsmen's systems,and thus driving the adjustment of grassland systems.Therefore,the government needs to pay attention to the issue of grassland system costs and establish a scientific and reasonable cost sharing mechanism,Further stabilize and improve China's grassland system.

关 键 词：草原制度 制度变迁 制度成本 牧民行为 

分 类 号：F301.1[经济管理—产业经济]