政策包装:压力情境下街头官僚的策略选择——基于H市街头执法的案例分析  

Policy Packaging: Strategic Choices ofStreet Bureaucrats in Stressful Situations--Based on the Case of Law Enforcement at the Street in H City

作　　者：张力伟[1] ZHANG Li-wei(School of Public Administration,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学行政学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《内蒙古社会科学》2023年第6期58-65,共8页Inner Mongolia Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“国家纵向治理体系现代化的战略定位与推进路径研究”(编号:21AZZ007)。

摘　　要：政策在基层的执行方式取决于外部环境。在基层行政中,压力情境下的街头官僚行动展现出一种“政策包装”的新策略。对于这种策略的特征、生成和治理,需要进行深入探究。我国东北地区H市城管部门的街头执法案例可以提供一个关于“政策包装”的过程性描述和系统性解释。不同于政策变通执行,政策包装是指街头官僚通过表面调整政策目标和话语来提升政策执行的合法性。这一现象往往源于基层政策执行的“主动加码”和街头官僚在“公共遭遇”中降低政策执行阻力的考虑。压力情景中的“政策包装”具有短期性特征,反映出行政责任和时间之间的关系。政策包装策略不利于提升基层政策执行的效能,根本上源自于基层政策执行中的“责任陷阱”问题,基层政策执行的优化路径需从合理的组织激励、循证决策以及构建参与式治理展开。How policies are implemented at the grass-roots level depends on the external environment.In the grass-roots administration,the street bureaucratic action under the pressure situation presents a new strategy of policy packaging.The characteristics,generation and governance of this strategy need to be deeply explored.Taking the street law enforcement of the urban management department of H City in Northeast China as an example,this paper provides a procedural description and systematic explanation of policy packaging.Different from the flexible implementation of policies,policy packaging refers to the street bureaucrats improving the legitimacy of policy implementation by superficially adjusting policy objectives and discourse.This phenomenon often stems from the active increase of policy implementation at the grassroots level and the consideration of street bureaucrats in the public encounter to reduce the resistance of policy implementation.The policy packaging in the stress scenario has a short-term character,reflecting the relationship between administrative responsibility and time.The policy packaging strategy is not conducive to improving the efficiency of grass-roots policy implementation,which fundamentally stems from the problem of responsibility trap in grass-roots policy implementation,the optimal path of policy implementation at the grass-roots level should start from reasonable organizational incentives,evidence-based decision-making and participatory governance.

关 键 词：基层政策执行 基层治理 街头官僚 政策包装 责任陷阱 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]