美国能源政策转变对全球能源市场影响及我国对策  

The Influence of US Energy Policy Transformation on Global Energy Market and China's Countermeasures

作　　者：汪制邦 刘满平[1] WANG Zhibang;LIU Manping

机构地区：[1]国家发展改革委价格监测中心

出　　处：《价格理论与实践》2023年第7期24-29,共6页Price:Theory & Practice

摘　　要：能源安全始终是我国能源政策的首要目标,为宏观经济稳定发展提供了坚实保障。近年来,美国谋求主导全球能源市场,扰乱全球能源秩序,企图重返全球能源市场“霸主地位”。在此背景下,我国能源安全面临的挑战越来越大。美国自1973年提出“能源独立”战略以来,通过页岩油气革命和大力发展可再生能源技术,能源产量大幅增加,在2019年正式实现“能源独立”,其能源政策重心也从过去以追求能源独立为主,转变为协同推进国内能源独立和谋求主导全球能源市场的阶段。这种转变对全球能源市场格局和我国能源安全都产生了影响,严重冲击世界油气贸易体系,全球能源市场波动显著加大。我国能源安全面临全新挑战,建议从推进能源体制改革、健全供应应急保障机制、加大新能源领域科技创新力度等方面采取措施加以应对。Energy security has always been the core goal of China's energy policy, it provides a strongguarantee for macroeconomic stability and development. In recent years, the United States has sought to dominate the global energy market, disrupt the global energy or-der, and attempt to regain its dominant position in the global energy market. Under this background, China 's energy security is facing increasing challenges. Since the United States puts forward the strategy of "energy independence" in 1973, through the Shale oil and gas revo-lution and the vigorous development of renewable energy technology, its energy output has increased significantly. In 2019, the United States officially achieved “energy independence”. The focus of its energy policy has shifted from pursuing energy independence in the past to a stage of promoting domestic energy independence and seeking to dominate the global energy market. This transformation has had a sig-nificant impact on the global energy market pattern and China 's energy security. It seriously impacts the world oil and gas trading system,and significantly increases fluctuations in the global energy market. China 's energy security is facing new challenges. It is recommended to take measures to address this issue by promoting energy system reform, improving emergency supply guarantee mechanisms, and increasing scientific and technological innovation in new energy.

关 键 词：能源独立 美国能源政策 能源安全 能源体制改革 

分 类 号：F426.2[经济管理—产业经济] F471.2