劳动力就业结构对制造业价值链攀升影响研究  

Research on the Impact of Labor Employment Structure on the Upgrading of Manufacturing Value Chain

作　　者：刘家民 马晓钰[1] 贾文利 LIU Jiamin;MA Xiaoyu;JIA Wenli

机构地区：[1]新疆大学经济与管理学院 [2]新疆财经大学财政税务学院

出　　处：《价格理论与实践》2023年第5期113-117,共5页Price:Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家社会科学基金西部项目“后计划生育时代新疆少数民族生育转变研究”(批准号:21XRK007);新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划项目“新疆人才逆向流动与人才体系建设研究”(批准号:XJEDU2021S1002);优秀博士研究生科研创新项目“空气污染对劳动力产业流动的影响效应研究”(批准号:XJU2022BS008)。

摘　　要：厘清就业结构对制造业价值链攀升的影响机制,对推动制造业向全球中高端产业链攀升具有重要意义。本文基于2003-2020年省级面板数据和固定效应模型,实证检验就业结构对制造业价值链攀升的影响。结果显示:(1)劳动力就业结构显著促进了制造业价值链攀升,并以中部、东部与西部为序依次减弱。(2)第一、二、三产业的劳动力就业水平分别对制造业价值链攀升产生明显的异质性影响。同时,相较于就业结构的竞争分量,结构分量更有助于促进制造业价值链攀升。(3)对于劳动力净流出地,劳动力就业结构对制造业价值链攀升产生的影响不显著,而对劳动力净流入地则产生显著的促进作用。基于此,从劳动力配置效率、产业和地区的联动效应、就业环境和产业体系三方面提出相关政策建议。It is of great significance to clarify the mechanism of influence of the employment structure on the value chain upgrading of manufacturing industry,and to promote the upward movement of the manufacturing industry to the middle and high end of the global industrial chain.This paper empirically examines the impact of employment structure on the value chain upgrading of manufacturing industry,based on provincial panel data and a fixed-effects model from 2003 to 2020.The results show that:(1)The employment structure significantly contributes to the value chain upgrading of manufacturing industry,and diminishes in the order of the eastern,and western regions.(2)The level of employment in primary,secondary and tertiary industries respectively have a significant heterogeneous impact on the value chain upgrading of manufacturing industry.Meanwhile,compared with the competitive component of the employment structure,the structural component is more conducive to promote the value chain upgrading of manufacturing industry.(3)For the net outflow of labor,the impact of labor employment structure on the rise of the manufacturing value chain is not significant,while it has a significant promoting effect on the net inflow of labor.Thus,relevant policy recommendations are put forward in terms of labor allocation efficiency,linkage effects of industries and regions,employment environment and industrial system.

关 键 词：劳动力 就业结构 制造业 价值链攀升 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济] F424[经济管理—国民经济]