氨暴露对生长猪结肠微生物及代谢物的影响  

Effects of ammonia exposure on intestinal microorganisms and metabolites in growing pigs

作　　者：杨畅骋 段彦生 陈聪 郝瑞荣[1] 李清宏[1] YANG Changcheng;DUAN Yansheng;CHEN Cong;HAO Ruirong;LI Qinghong(College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agriculture University,Jinzhong 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物科学学院,山西晋中030801

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2023年第21期54-60,126-129,共11页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD050070503);山西省重点研发计划项目(201703D211001)。

摘　　要：为了研究不同氨气浓度对生长猪结肠微生物及代谢物的影响,试验选用体况相近的健康杜长大生长猪36头,随机分为4组,每组设3个重复,分别在4个密闭的人工环境控制气候舱(以下简称环控舱)内饲养22 d,其中对照组(A组)环控舱内不含氨气,各试验组(B组、C组、D组)环控舱内氨气浓度分别为25,35,45 mg/m^(3)。试验结束后屠宰试验猪并采集结肠内容物,测定结肠微生物及代谢物。结果表明:在门水平上,与A组相比,C组和D组变形菌门的相对丰度明显升高;在属水平上,与A组相比,C组和D组链球菌属和普雷沃菌氏属相对丰度明显升高,乳酸菌属、布劳特氏菌属和毛螺菌科中未分类的属相对丰度明显下降,链球菌属和普雷沃氏菌属为结肠核心菌群。共获得67个差异微生物,A~D组分别为15,11,23,18个。各试验组赖氨酸生物合成、甘油磷脂代谢、鞘脂代谢、初级胆汁酸和次级胆汁酸生物合成、黄酮类生物合成的代谢通路相对丰度降低,苯甲酸降解、脂肪酸代谢和脂多糖生物合成等代谢通路相对丰度增加。从4组结肠样品中共检测到4842种代谢物,其中差异代谢物有304种。氨气对初级胆汁酸生物合成、色氨酸代谢、鞘脂信号通路、鞘脂代谢、花生四烯酸代谢、类固醇生物合成、类二十烷酸等代谢通路产生了影响。说明35,45 mg/m3的氨气浓度可明显提高微生物群落的相对丰度和多样性,造成菌群失调,使微生物代谢物存在差异,能够引发炎症反应,造成仔猪腹泻,从而影响生产性能。In order to study the effects of different concentrations of ammonia on the colonic microorganisms and metabolites in growing pigs,36 healthy Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire pigs with similar body conditions were selected and randomly divided into four groups with three replicates in each group.The animals were reared in 4 closed artificial environment climate control chambers(AEC)for 22 days.The control group(Agroup)contained noammonia in the AEC,and the concentration of ammonia in other experimental groups(Bgroup,C group D group)were 25 mg/m^(3),35 mg/m^(3)and 45 mg/m^(3)in the AEC,respectively.After the experiment,the animals were slaughtered and their colonic contents were collected for the determination of colonic microorganisms and metabolites.The results showed that at the phylum level,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in groups C and D increased significantly compared with group A;At the genus level,the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Prevost in groups C and D increased significantly compared with group A,while the relative abundance of Lactoba cilla,Blautia and unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae decreased significantly at the genus level.Under the influence of ammonia,Streptococcus and Prevotella were the core microflora of colon.A total of 67 differential microorganisms were obtained,among which groups A to D obtained 15,11,23 and 18,respectively.The relative abundance of lysine biosynthesis,glycerol phospholipid metabolism,sphingolipid metabolism,primary bile acid and secondary bile acid biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis decreased,while the relative abundance of benzoic acid decomposition,fatty acid metabolism and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis metabolism increased in each experimental group.A total of 4842 metabolites were detected from four groups of colon samples,of which 304 were differential metabolites.Ammonia could affect the primary bile acid biosynthesis,tryptophan metabolism,sphingolipid signaling pathway,sphingolipid metabolism,arachidonic acid metabolism,steroid biosynthesis,eico

关 键 词：氨气 生长猪 肠道 微生物 代谢组学 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学] Q935[农业科学—畜牧兽医]