公平性视角下的城市空间机会公交可达性评价模型  

Public Transit Accessibility Evaluation Model for Urban Spatial Opportunities from an Equity Perspective

作　　者：范乃孚 陈小鸿[1,2] 刘翔[2] FAN Naifu;CHEN Xiaohong;LIU Xiang(Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering,Ministry of Education,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Urban Mobility Institute,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海201804 [2]同济大学城市交通研究院,上海201804

出　　处：《交通与运输》2023年第6期86-90,共5页Traffic & Transportation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(71734004)。

摘　　要：构建一个公平性视角下的城市空间机会可达性评价框架:基于出行矩阵和栅格空间分析,采用考虑换乘的最短路径算法构建公共交通线路网络;提出同时考虑城市功能中心节点和公共服务设施的城市空间机会双层可达性模型;使用自然断点法对城市不同区域进行可达性分级;使用基尼系数对社会资源分布进行均衡性评价。研究发现,利用改进的可达性评价模型可以对城市居民获取空间机会的能力进行定量化评估,更能反映城市功能中心布局规划与公共服务资源配置是否合理公平。A framework for evaluating urban spatial opportunity accessibility from a equity perspective has been established:Based on travel matrices and grid spatial analysis,the shortest path algorithm considering transfers is employed to construct the public transportation network.A dual-layer accessibility model is proposed for urban spatial opportunities that takes into account both urban functional center nodes and public service facilities.The natural breakpoints method is used for accessibility grading in different urban areas,and the Gini coefficient is employed to evaluate the distribution equity of social resources.The research finds that using the improved accessibility evaluation model can quantitatively assess the capability of urban residents to access spatial opportunities,and better reflect whether the layout of urban functional centers and the allocation of public service resources are reasonable and equitable.

关 键 词：城市交通 公平性 双层可达性模型 城市空间机会 公共交通 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]