对GATT第21条安全例外适用范围的理解  

Understanding of the Scope of Application of GATT Article 21 Security Exception

作　　者：郑佳琦 Zheng Jiaqi

机构地区：[1]兰州大学法学院

出　　处：《竞争政策研究》2023年第5期70-77,共8页Competition Policy Research

摘　　要：GATT第21条安全例外条款允许成员国在特殊情况下为保护本国基本安全利益而免除WTO协议义务,其目的是为维护成员国防和基本安全的更高社会价值,不是保护成员经济的政治工具。乌克兰诉俄罗斯禁运案是专家组首次对安全例外的定义进行解释,进一步明确了WTO法律体系下GATT第21条的适用。安全例外条款的适用应当受到严格限制,任何带有商业目的的滥用都应被禁止。The security exception clause of GATT Article 21 allows member states to exempt themselves from the obligations of WTO agreements in order to protect their basic security interests under special circumstances.Its purpose is to safeguard the higher social value of the member's national defense and basic security,rather than to protect the member economy as a political tool.The Ukraine v.Russia Embargo case is the first time that the Panel has interpreted the definition of the security exception and further clarified the application of Article 21 of GATT under the WTO legal system.The application of the security exception should be strictly limited,and any misuse for commercial purposes should be prohibited.

关 键 词：安全例外 自决权 紧急情况 国家基本安全利益 

分 类 号：D996.1[政治法律—经济法学]