气候变化和人类活动对内蒙古植被净初级生产力的影响  

Impacts of Climate Change and Human Activities on the Net Primary Productivity of Vegetation in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：常屹冉 张弛 魏嘉诚 李显巨[1] 嘎毕日 CHANG Yi-ran;ZHANG Chi;WEI Jia-cheng;LI Xian-ju;GA Bi-ri(China University Of Geosciences,Wuhan,Hubei Province 430074,China.;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information Center,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉),湖北武汉430074 [2]内蒙古自治区测绘地理信息中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010050

出　　处：《草地学报》2023年第11期3444-3452,共9页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：内蒙古科技重大专项项目(KJB2016034);内蒙古自治区科技创新引导资金项目(KCBJ2018072,KCBJ2018069)资助。

摘　　要：为探究内蒙古植被净初级生产力(Net primary productivity,NPP)的时空格局及其与气候变化的关系。本文利用MODIS NPP数据分析内蒙古2001—2020年植被NPP的时空变化,利用Thornthwaite纪念模型和差值比较法分离气候变化和人类活动对于该地区NPP的影响。结果表明:(1)2001—2020年研究区NPP呈显著的增加趋势(3.29 gC·m^(-2)·a^(-1)),NPP总体呈东高西低的空间分布格局,且99.1%的区域NPP呈升高趋势。(2)在植被改善的地区中,大兴安岭地区、研究区西南部主要是由人为主导,研究区中部包括通辽赤峰和锡林郭勒等地区主要由气候主导,其他地区由两者共同作用。在土地退化的区域,多为人为主导。其中,森林主要受人类活动的影响,草地主要受气候变化的影响。(3)人类活动影响的NPP(Human net primary productivity,HNPP)总体呈正值,即人类活动抑制了植被生长,高值区主要分布在研究区的南部,这些地区人为活动对植被的生长抑制更大。To explore the spatiotemporal pattern of Net Primary Productivity(NPP)in Inner Mongolia and its relationship with climate change,the spatial and temporal changes of NPP in Inner Mongolia from 2001 to 2010 were calculated using MODIS NDVI data in this paper.And the effects of climate change and human activities on NPP in the region were investigated by Thornthwaite Memorial Model and Difference Comparison Method.The results showed that(1)the NPP in Inner Mongolia exhibited a significant increasing trend(3.29 gC·m^(-2)·a^(-1))from 2001 to 2020.The overall spatial distribution pattern of NPP in Inner Mongolia was high in the east and low in the west.Regarding spatial variation,99.1%of Inner Mongolia displayed an increasing trend of NPP,of which 56.4%were significant(P<0.01).(2)Among the areas with improved vegetation,the Daxinganling area and the southwestern part of the study area were mainly dominated by human activities.The central part of the study area,including Tongliao,Chifeng and Xilingol,was mainly dominated by climate change,while both dominated the other areas.And in the areas of land degradation is mostly human activities-led.In terms of vegetation type,forests were mainly affected by human activities while grasslands were mainly affected by climate change.(3)The overall positive value of anthropogenic Human Net Primary Productivity(HNPP)means that anthropogenic activities restrict vegetation growth.The high-value areas are mainly located in the southern part of the study area,where anthropogenic activities restricted the growth of vegetation more.

关 键 词：净初级生产力 植被变化 相对贡献度 主导因素 内蒙古 

分 类 号：P429[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]