基于Pyrosim的烟热训练室数值模拟研究  

Study on Numerical Simulation of Smoke and Heat Training Room Based on Pyrosim

作　　者：刘洋[1] 李长江[1] 汪艺 宋俊杰 彭定萍 LIU Yang;LI Changjiang;WANG Yi;SONG Junjie;PENG Dingping(Chongqing University of Science and Technology,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆科技学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《安全》2023年第11期33-40,共8页Safety & Security

基　　金：重庆科技学院硕士研究生创新计划项目(YKJCX2120331)。

摘　　要：为保证消防员在烟热室中的训练安全,以重庆某消防烟热训练室为研究对象,通过Pyrosim软件设置A、B、C、D 4种场景对消防烟热训练室进行数值模拟。探究用烟热设备模拟局部火点的可行性,并重点研究金属网栅训练通道、逃生走廊发生火灾时,各逃生门的温度、能见度、烟气层高度和CO浓度随时间的变化情况,并得出疏散可用时间。结果表明:合理的热风机布局能模拟局部火点的烟气流动效果,可扩展烟热室的模拟火灾功能;在518m~3的主训练室中,20min内,6台15kW的热风机能将室温升至40℃,6台3kW的烟雾机可将能见度降低至2m;在金属网栅训练通道中发生火灾时,烟气层高度对疏散可用时间影响最大,安全疏散时间为40s;在疏散走廊发生火灾时,能见度对疏散可用时间影响最大,安全疏散时间为18s。同时给出不同疏散场景,逃生和灭火人员对出口的最优选择。In order to ensure the firemen's safety training in the smoke and heat room,a fire smoke and heat training room in Chongqing was taken as the research object,and four scenarios were set up using Pyrosim software to conduct numerical simulations on the fire smoke and heat training room.The feasibility of using the smoke and heat equipment to simulate local fire points was explored,with a focus on studying the tem-perature,visibility,smoke layer height,and CO concentration of each escape door over time when a fire oc-curs in the training channel of the metal mesh or in the escape corridor,and finally the available evacuation time was obtained.The results show that a reasonable layout of the hot air fan can simulate the smoke flow effect of local fire points,which can expand the fire simulation function of the smoke hot room;that in the 518m main training room,six 15kW hot air fans can raise the room temperature to 40 C within 20 minutes,and six 3kW foggers can decrease visibility to 2m;that when a fire occurs in the training channel of the metal mesh,the smoke layer height has the greatest impact on the available evacuation time,with a safe evacuation time of 40 seconds;and that when a fire occurs in the evacuation corridor,the visibility has the greatest im-pact on the available evacuation time,with a safe evacuation time of 18 seconds.The optimal exit choice for escaping and firefighting in different evacuation scenarios was obtained.

关 键 词：烟热训练室 Pyrosim 局部火点 火灾 人员疏散 

分 类 号：X924.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TU998.1[建筑科学—市政工程]