原位聚合法聚酰胺6/炭黑复合纤维的制备及其性能  

Fabrication and properties of polyamide 6/carbon black composite fibers via in situ polymerization

作　　者：李睿 王梦柯 于春晓 郑晓頔 邱志成 李志勇 武术方 LI Rui;WANG Mengke;YU Chunxiao;ZHENG Xiaodi;QIU Zhicheng;LI Zhiyong;WU Shufang(State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology,China Textile Academy,Beijing100025,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai201620,China)

机构地区：[1]中国纺织科学研究院有限公司生物源纤维制造技术国家重点实验室,北京100025 [2]东华大学材料科学与工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《纺织学报》2023年第10期1-8,共8页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFB0311400)。

摘　　要：为开发高黑度的原液着色聚酰胺6(PA6)纤维,将经原位聚合法制备的炭黑质量分数为1.0%~3.0%的系列PA6/炭黑(PA6/CB)复合材料进行熔融纺丝制备PA6/CB复合纤维,并对复合材料的形貌结构、热性能、晶型结构以及纤维的力学性能、取向度、色度值和色牢度进行表征。结果表明:经原位聚合法引入的炭黑在原液着色PA6/CB复合材料和纤维中分散均匀;炭黑在基材中起异相成核作用,添加炭黑的PA6/CB复合材料的结晶度和结晶温度均得到提高;炭黑可提升复合材料的热稳定性,并可促进PA6形成热力学性能更稳定的α晶型;随着炭黑质量分数的提高,PA6/CB复合纤维的断裂强度先提高后逐渐下降,当炭黑质量分数为1.0%时达到最大,为4.07 cN/dtex;PA6/CB复合纤维的取向度均高于纯PA6纤维;炭黑质量分数越高,PA6/CB复合纤维的颜色越黑,但其质量分数超过2%后纤维的黑度提升不明显。Objective The improvement in polyamide 6(PA6)-based matrix properties by filling functional nanomaterials and application of PA6-based fiber have attracted much attention due to the recent rapid development in nanotechnology. Among all these filling nanomaterials, carbon black(CB)has been widely used as an ideal filling material due to its relatively small particle size and good compatibility with PA6-based matrix. In order to fabricate dope-dyed polyamide 6 filament with deep blackness, a series of PA6/CB composites and fibers were prepared via in situ polymerization and subsequently melt spinning. Method PA6/CB composites with carbon black content of 1%-3% were fabricated via in-situ polymerization by using highly dispersed aqueous carbon black slurry as modifiers, and melt-spinning were employed to achieve dope-dyed PA6/CB composite fibers. Microscopic structure, melting crystallization parameters and crystallization behavior and thermal stability of composites and/or fibers were determined using scanning electron micro-scope(SEM), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and thermogravimetry analysis(TGA) respectively. Mechanical properties, orientation factor, chroma value and color fastness were then used to characterize the resultant structure and properties of fibers. Results Quenching the surface of PA6/CB composites resulted in tougher surface than pure PA6 composite, without significant agglomerations, indicating that the carbon black was dispersed reasonably well(Fig. 1). A mostly smooth quenching surface was observed with relatively lower carbon black content, while staircase structure was formed when content of carbon black reached 3.0%. Similar results were witnessed on the surface of PA6/CB fibers when a smooth surface without aggregation of carbon black(Fig. 2). Combined with the curves obtained by DSC and crystallinity parameters calculated with DSC data(Tab. 1), carbon black had hardly any influence on the melting peak of PA6/CB composites, as indicated by a single melting peak observed on these

关 键 词：原位聚合 聚酰胺6 炭黑 熔融纺丝 原液着色 聚酰胺6/炭黑复合纤维 

分 类 号：TQ342.11[化学工程—化纤工业]