纱线结构对苎麻短纤纱复合材料拉伸性能的影响  

Effect of yarn structure on tensile properties of ramie staple yarn reinforced composites

作　　者：左祺 吴华伟 王春红[1] 杜娟娟[3] ZUO Qi;WU Huawei;WANG Chunhong;DU Juanjuan(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin300387,China;College of Engineering and Technology,Jiyang College of Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,Shaoxing,Zhejiang312000,China;School of Artificial Intelligence,Tiangong University,Tianjin300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学纺织科学与工程学院,天津300387 [2]浙江农林大学暨阳学院工程技术学院,浙江绍兴312000 [3]天津工业大学人工智能学院,天津300387

出　　处：《纺织学报》2023年第10期81-89,共9页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：天津市研究生科研创新项目(2020YJSB063)。

摘　　要：为揭示纱线结构对短纤纱复合材料性能的影响与其对纱线性能影响的区别,通过环锭纺制备了不同线密度以及捻系数的苎麻短纤纱,再通过树脂浸渍法制备了苎麻短纤纱增强不饱和聚酯树脂复合材料。分别对苎麻短纤纱的拉伸性能以及苎麻短纤纱增强复合材料的拉伸性能进行了测试和分析。结果表明:随着纱线线密度的增加,苎麻短纤纱增强复合材料的拉伸强度先降低后增大再降低,当线密度为80 tex时复合材料拉伸强度在长短隔距测试中都达到最大值;随着纱线捻系数的增加,纱线断裂强度在临界捻系数为300处达到最大,但是苎麻短纤纱增强复合材料在长隔距测试下拉伸强度逐渐增大,未出现临界点,而在短隔距测试中的临界捻系数增加到360,最大拉伸强度为528.39 MPa;树脂使纱线内部固结,纱线中纤维之间的抱合力转变为纤维与树脂的界面作用,在短隔距临界捻系数处纱线捻度角对拉伸强度的负面影响与对界面机械锁结的积极影响达到平衡。Objective Bast fiber reinforced composites with lightweight quality,low cost,biodegradability,reusability and designability have been widely used in numerous applications in recent years.The length of extracted bast fibers,unlike synthetic fibers capable of continuous production,is limited,which is not beneficial for composite manufacturing and stress transfer.Staple spinning,a traditional method in the textile industry for acquiring continuous short fibers,breaks through the limitation of bast fiber length.Staple yarns are the foundations of various fabric reinforced composites and yarn pultrusion composites.One of the most important factors in determining the properties of staple yarn-based composites is the yarn structure.The effects of yarn count and twist on breaking properties of yarns are well known in the textile industry.However,the impacts of them on yarn reinforced composites have been rarely reported in the literature.Based on the relationship between staple yarn and staple yarn reinforced composites,the influences of the above structure factors on tensile properties of bast fiber staple yarns and their composites are investigated.Method The ramie fibers were used in the spinning process to prepare staple yarns with various yarn counts and twist factors.The ramie fiber staple yarn reinforced unsaturated polyester resin composite was fabricated via immersing and squeezing process.The breaking properties of ramie fiber staple yarns and tensile properties of ramie fiber staple yarn reinforced composites were tested and analyzed,respectively.Morphologies of ramie staple yarn and fracture section of ramie staple yarn reinforced composite were observed by using scanning electron microscope.The internal defects of ramie fiber staple yarn reinforced composites with different yarn counts or twist factors were detected by water immersion ultrasonic C-scan defect detector.Results The results showed that as the yarn count increased,the yarn diameter and breaking force of ramie staple yarn increased.When the yarn

关 键 词：苎麻短纤纱 复合材料 纱线结构 临界捻系数 拉伸隔距 

分 类 号：TS129[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计] TB332[轻工技术与工程—纺织科学与工程]