2015—2022年江西省疟疾疫情特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Jiangxi Province from 2015 to 2022

作　　者：龚艳凤[1] 李紫芬 唐乖 黄美琴 周炳华[1] 胡强[1] GONG Yanfeng;LI Zifen;TANG Guai;HUANG Meiqin;ZHOU Binghua;HU Qiang(Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanchang 330029,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省疾病预防控制中心,南昌330029

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2023年第5期586-592,共7页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

摘　　要：目的对2015—2022年江西省疟疾疫情特征进行分析,为制定防治对策提供科学依据。方法从国家传染病报告信息管理系统和寄生虫病防治信息管理系统收集报告地为江西省、终审日期为2015年1月1日至2022年12月31日的疟疾病例,统计病例资料。按确诊病例(省级疟疾诊断参比实验室镜检和/或PCR疟原虫检测结果为阳性)、临床诊断病例(医疗机构血检结果为阳性但省级参比实验室镜检和PCR均为阴性)、重症病例(存在并发症)进行分类整理。采用SPSS 26.0软件,以LSD⁃t法和mann-whitney Test法进行统计学分析。结果2015—2022年江西省共报告疟疾病例241例,均为境外输入性疟疾,无死亡病例报告。各年报告病例分别为53、52、30、41、46、12、3和4例。其中确诊病例240例,临床诊断病例1例(2015年报告)。在确诊病例中,恶性疟153例(占63.75%)、间日疟50例(占20.83%)、卵形疟31例(占12.91%)、三日疟5例(占2.08%),恶性疟和间日疟混合感染1例(占0.41%)。感染来源分布于非洲、亚洲和大洋洲等34个国家,其中非洲(共27个国家)占92.53%(223/241)。各月份均有病例报告,各月累计以1月、6月和9月病例较多,10月、11月和12月病例较少。2015—2019年[新型冠状病毒感染(简称新冠)疫情发生前]和2020—2022年(新冠疫情期间),月平均报告病例数分别为3.7例和0.53例(t=6.369,P<0.05)。江西省11个设区市均有病例报告,报告病例居前3位的设区市分别是南昌市(51.45%,124/241)、赣州市(15.77%,38/241)和宜春市(7.05%,17/241);报告病例前3位的县(市、区)分别是南昌市青山湖区(33.19%,80/241)、南昌市东湖区(9.54%,23/241)和赣州市章贡区(7.88%,19/241)。报告疟疾病例中男性占95.44%(230/241),女性占4.56%(11/241),发病年龄主要集中在20~50岁(97.11%,234/241),主要由县级以上医疗机构和疾病控制中心报告(99.59%,240/241)。发病到初次就诊时间间隔中位数为1 d;新冠疫情发生�Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Jiangxi Province from 2015 to 2022,to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategy.Methods Malaria cases and sta⁃tistical data were collected from the National Infectious Diseases Reporting and Information Management System and the National Information Management System for Parasitic Diseases Control and Prevention,for those cases locally re⁃ported and confirmed during January 1st,2015 to December 31th,2022 in Jiangxi Province.The collected malaria cases were classified as confirmed cases(microscopic examination and/or PCR test positives confirmed by provincial reference laboratory for malaria diagnosis),clinically diagnosed cases(blood examination positive found by medical insti⁃tutions,but microscopic examination and PCR test by provincial reference laboratory were negative),and severe case(with complications).Statistical analysis was performed by LSD⁃t and mann⁃whitney Test using SPSS 26.0 software.Results From 2015 to 2022,a total of 241 malaria cases were reported in Jiangxi Province,all of which were im⁃ported malaria and no deaths were reported.The reported cases in each year were 53,52,30,41,46,12,3,and 4,respectively.Among them,there were 240 confirmed cases and 1 clinically diagnosed case(reported in 2015).Among the confirmed cases,there were 153 cases of falciparum malaria(63.75%),50 cases of vivax malaria(20.83%),31 cases of ovale malaria(12.91%),5 cases of malariae malaria(2.08%),and 1 case of mixed infection of falciparum malaria and vivax malaria(0.41%).The sources of infection are distributed in 34 countries including Africa,Asia,and Oceania,with Africa(a total of 27 countries)accounting for 92.53%(223/241).There are case reports in each month,with a cumulative increase in cases in January,June,and September,and a decrease in cases in October,No⁃vember,and December.From 2015 to 2019(before the COVID⁃19 epidemic)and from 2020 to 2022(during the COVID⁃19),the monthly average number of

关 键 词：疟疾 疫情特征 江西 

分 类 号：R531.3[医药卫生—内科学]