环境污染强制责任保险除外责任解析  

An Analysis of Exclusion in Compulsory Liability Insurance in Environmental Pollution

作　　者：范庆荣 何兆军 FAN Qingrong;HE Zhaojun(Hunan Normal University,Changsha,Hunan 410081,China;The People’s Procuratorat of Xinfeng County,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341600,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学,湖南长沙410081 [2]江西省信丰县人民检察院,江西赣州341600

出　　处：《内江师范学院学报》2023年第11期114-118,共5页Journal of Neijiang Normal University

基　　金：2018年湖南省社科基金青年项目“环境污染强制责任保险的法律规制研究”(18YBQ098)。

摘　　要：出于受害人利益保护和各方利益均衡的考量,环境污染强制责任保险除外责任的部分内容应作一定的限缩解释。只有在不可抗拒的自然灾害是导致环境污染的单一近因,且企业已采取了合理措施时,保险公司才可以全部免责。除“第三人遭受的损害”外,生态环境损害赔偿责任也属于除外责任的范畴。应设立环境污染救助基金,对应急处置费用和紧急情况下的人身损害、财产损害在一定限额内予以救济。除外责任中的“环境污染犯罪”限于故意犯罪。过失导致环境污染犯罪时,保险人应当按照企业的过错程度,按比例给付保险金。纯粹经济损失和生态环境损害赔偿责任属于除外责任的免赔范畴。当企业故意导致环境污染犯罪时,保险人在给付应急处置和清污费用后,可以向企业追偿。Considering the protection of the victim’s interest and balance of different parties,we should make restriction explanation for the content of exclusion in compulsory liability insurance in environmental pollution.Only when the irresistable natural disasters are the sole root and enterprises have taken reasonable measures can the insurance companies see their liability exemption.Besides the damage suffered by the“third party”,the liablity for the damage in environmental pollution is also in the scope of exclusion.Therefore,the relief fund for environmental pollution should be set up and hence is used to relieve the damage to persons or to properties caused by immergency disposal in certain limited amount.The“environmental pollution crime”in exclusion is only confined to intentional offense.In the environmental pollution crime caused by negligence,the insurer should pay the insurance benefit in proportion according to the enterpreses’fault degree.The pure economic loss and liability insurance for the damage to ecological environment are in the scope of deduction.If the enterprises committe the environmental pollution crime,the insurer has the right to recover from the enterprises after it has paid the expense for the emergency disposal and clearance of pollution.

关 键 词：除外责任 环境污染强制责任保险 不可抗力 比例赔付 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]