厚层坚硬石灰岩顶板弱化爆破技术应用  

Application of Weakening Blasting Technology for Thick-layer and Hard Limestone Roof

作　　者：肖书文 Xiao Shuwen(Shanxi Zezhou Tiantai Jinchen Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Shanxi Jincheng 048000)

机构地区：[1]山西泽州天泰锦辰煤业有限公司,山西晋城048000

出　　处：《山东煤炭科技》2023年第11期24-28,共5页Shandong Coal Science and Technology

摘　　要：为提高天泰锦辰煤业150103工作面坚硬石灰岩顶板爆破技术应用效果,运用经验公式计算与几何推演方法分析了“关键块”结构在回转破断过程中的运动过程,确定了切顶角度。采用数值模拟对不同切顶角度进行了对比研究,设计了厚层坚硬石灰岩顶板爆破技术方法。通过钻孔窥视与矿压监测进行了验证。结果表明:切缝角度垂直于巷道顶板时,摩擦力会致使上方顶板下坠,致使巷道变形程度增加。当切顶角度为15°,岩石垮落对顶板的挤压与摩擦作用抑制了顶板回转下沉。切顶角度为30°时,顶板的力学传递作用增强,不利于巷道围岩的维护。最终确定切顶角度为15°。现场应用表明:爆破切缝效果良好,切顶后来压步距平均增加4 m,支承压力平均强度降低2.1 MPa,支承压力的峰值强度降低10 MPa。In order to improve the application effect of hard limestone roof blasting technology in the 150103 working face of Tiantai Jinchen Coal Industry,the motion process of the"key block"structure during the rotary fracture process is analyzed using empirical formula calculation and geometric deduction methods.The top cutting angle is determined,and numerical simulation is used to compare and study different top cutting angles.A thick-layer hard limestone roof blasting technology method is designed.Verification is conducted through drilling observation and mine pressure monitoring.The results indicate that when the cutting angle is perpendicular to the roadway roof,the friction force will cause the upper roof to fall,resulting in an increase in the degree of deformation of the roadway.When the top cutting angle is 15°,the compression and friction effect of rock collapse on the roof suppresses the rotation and sinking of the roof.When the top cutting angle is 30°,the mechanical transmission effect of the roof is enhanced,which is not conducive to the maintenance of the surrounding rock of the roadway.The final determination of the top cutting angle is 15°.The on-site application shows that the effect of breaking and cutting the seam is good.After cutting the roof,the pressure step increases by an average of 4 m,the average strength of the support pressure decreases by 2.1 MPa,and the peak strength of the support pressure decreases by 10 MPa.

关 键 词：坚硬顶板 爆破切顶 矿山压力 工程应用 

分 类 号：TD327.2[矿业工程—矿井建设] TD235.3