孕产妇住院期间纯母乳喂养行为及影响因素分析  

Exclusive breastfeeding breastfeeding behaviors and influencing factors of pregnant and postpartum women during hospitalization

作　　者：李凌虹 陈凡[1] LI Linghong;CHEN Fan(Obstetrics Department,Women and Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University,Xiamen Maternity and Child Health Hospital,Fujian,Xiamen 361000,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学附属妇女儿童医院厦门市妇幼保健院产科,福建厦门361000

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2023年第22期150-153,共4页China Medicine And Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的调查孕产妇住院期间纯母乳喂养行为现状并分析其影响因素。方法选取2022年6—12月于厦门大学附属妇女儿童医院住院并产足月单胎的产妇277例为调查对象,采用母亲角色适应调查问卷、母乳喂养自我效能简式量表(BSES-SF)和母乳喂养知识量表(BKQ)评估产妇母亲角色适应、母乳喂养自我效能及知识掌握情况。结果纯母乳喂养者共176例(63.54%),非纯母乳喂养者101例(36.46%)。与纯母乳喂养组比较,非纯母乳喂养组孕妇的剖宫产率较高(64.36%vs.39.20%),新生儿性别符合产妇期待、母亲角色适应良好者、母乳喂养自我效能良好者和母乳喂养知识掌握良好者占比较低(88.07%vs.66.34%,90.91%vs.71.29%,27.84%vs.10.89%,29.55%vs.13.86%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析结果显示,剖宫产是影响纯母乳喂养的危险因素,新生儿性别符合产妇期待、母亲角色适应良好、母乳喂养自我效能良好和母乳喂养知识掌握良好是纯母乳喂养的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论住院期间纯母乳喂养率较低。临床医护人员应重视产妇角色适应情况,并有针对性地制订个性化的临床干预方案,以提高产妇母乳喂养知识和自我效能,建立纯母乳喂养行为。Objective To investigate the current status of exclusive breastfeeding behavior among pregnant and postpartum women during hospitalization and analyze influencing factors.Methods A total of 277 pregnant women who were hospitalized in the Women and Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University from June to December 2022 and gave birth to a single full-term baby were selected as the subjects of the survey.The maternal role adaptation questionnaire,the breastfeeding self efficacy scale(BSES-SF)and the breastfeeding knowledge scale(BKQ)were used to assess maternal role adaptation,breastfeeding self-efficacy and knowledge mastery.Results There was a total of 176 cases(63.54%)of exclusively breastfed individuals and 101 cases(36.46%)of non-exclusively breastfed individuals.The cesarean section rate of the nonexclusive breastfeeding group was relatively high(64.36%vs.39.20%).The proportion of newborns with the gender that meets maternal expectations,good maternal role adaptation,good self-efficacy in breastfeeding,and good mastery of breastfeeding knowledge was relatively low(88.07%vs.66.34%,90.91%vs.71.29%,27.84%vs.10.89%,29.55%vs.13.86%),with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that cesarean section was a risk factor affecting exclusive breastfeeding,and the protective factors of exclusive breastfeeding were the newborn’s gender in line with maternal expectations,good maternal role adaptation,good self-efficacy in breastfeeding and good mastery of breastfeeding knowledge(P<0.05).Conclusion The rate of exclusive breastfeeding during hospitalization is relatively low.The clinical medical staff shall pay attention to the role adaptation of postpartum women and develop personalized clinical intervention plans in a targeted manner to improve their breastfeeding knowledge and self-efficacy and establish exclusive breastfeeding behavior.

关 键 词：纯母乳喂养 行为 孕产妇 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]