菊花加工过程中农药残留转移行为及风险评估研究  

Transfer behavior and risk assessment of pesticide residue during the processing of Chrysanthemum morifolium

作　　者：李海亮 刘芫汐 王赵[1] 昝珂[1] 王莹[1] 金红宇[1] 马双成[1] LI Hailiang;LIU Yuanxi;WANG Zhao;ZAN Ke;WANG Ying;JIN Hongyu;MA Shuangcheng(National Institutes for Food and Drug Control,Beijing 102629,China)

机构地区：[1]中国食品药品检定研究院中药民族药检定所,北京102629

出　　处：《中国药物警戒》2023年第11期1228-1233,1255,共7页Chinese Journal of Pharmacovigilance

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3501500)。

摘　　要：目的考察不同加工过程中菊花残留农药的转移行为,探索加工条件和农药的理化性质对转移率的影响,并结合农药残留的转移情况进行风险评估,为制定菊花中农药残留限量标准和规避使用中的潜在风险提供参考。方法通过对菊花样品中农药残留的筛查检测,选择含高检出农药残留样品为研究对象,系统研究水浸泡、水煎煮及乙醇回流提取等加工条件,采用液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)法对加工样品中的农药进行测定,使用点评估法对污染农药的菊花样品及加工品进行风险评估。结果菊花中15种高检出残留农药在加工过程中均有不同程度的转移,水浸泡与水煎煮过程中农药的转移率与温度和时间呈正相关,但随加工次数增加而降低;在乙醇提取过程中残留农药的转移率均在50%以上;加工样品中农药残留的急性风险商均低于5%,表明潜在风险较低。结论通过对菊花加工过程中残留农药转移行为的研究,可为制定菊花中相关农药最大残留量标准和残留风险评估提供一定的科学依据。Objective To investigate the transfer behavior of pesticide residues in chrysanthemum morifolium under different processing,explore the effects of processing conditions and physicochemical properties of pesticides on the transfer rate,and conduct risk assessment based on the transfer situation of pesticide residues,so as to provide reference for the limit standard of pesticide residues in Chrysanthemum morifolium and the potential risks in the process of using Chrysanthemum morifolium.Methods Through the screening and detection of pesticide residues in chrysanthemum samples,the samples containing high detected pesticide residues were selected as the research objects,and the processing conditions such as water temperature,water boiling and ethanol reflux extraction were systematically studied.The pesticides in the processed samples were determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS),and point assessment method was used to assess the risk of contaminated chrysanthemum and processed products.Results The transfer rate of 15 pesticide residues with high detection rates in chrysanthemum were all transferred to varying degrees during processing,the transfer rates of pesticides during water immersion and boiling were positively correlated with temperature and time,but decreased with increasing processing times;The transfer rate of residual pesticides during ethanol extraction was above 50%;The acute risk quotients of pesticide residues in processed samples were all lower than 5%,indicating a low potential risk.Conclusion The study on the transfer behavior of pesticide residues during the processing of chrysanthemum provides a certain scientific basis for the formulation of the maximum residue standard and residue risk assessment of pesticide in chrysanthemum morifolium.

关 键 词：菊花 农药残留 转移 风险评估 加工 水煎煮 乙醇回流提取 水浸泡 

分 类 号：R927.1[医药卫生—药学]