计算机生物工程学技术辅助逆向设计外踝后外侧低切迹钢板  

Reverse design of a new type of low-profile lateral malleolus steel plate assisted by computer bioengineering technology

作　　者：王效 张帆 林禄攀 戚天旭 林伏庆 Wang Xiao;Zhang Fan;Lin Lupan;Qi Tianxu;Lin Fuqing(People’s Hospital of Liuhe,Nanjing 211500,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]南京市六合区人民医院,江苏省南京市211500

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2024年第30期4800-4805,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：南京市六合区科技计划项目(LHZC2021J03),项目负责人:王效。

摘　　要：背景:高龄外踝骨折患者行传统外侧钢板内固定后常发生手术切口愈合不良、感染等现象,随着工程学软件在医学中的应用,一种可放置在后外侧的新型钢板能够被设计出并解决上述问题。目的:以外踝骨折线顶部与骨折线前缘起点的距离(ACD)、骨折线顶部与外踝尖部距离(CTD)、骨折线顶部与骨折线后缘的距离(PCD)及腓骨远端前外侧面与后外侧面夹角(CA)的三维CT数据为基础,使用医学生物工程学软件逆向设计外踝后外侧低切迹钢板。方法:各取30例不稳定外踝骨折及正常踝关节行CT扫描并三维重建,使用3-matic软件测量外踝骨折患者中ACD、CTD及PCD的数值,绘制并描述外踝骨折线特点,并使用mimics软件测量正常踝关节中CA的数值。以上述测量数据为基础,使用3-matic、solidworks软件设计出外踝后外侧低切迹钢板,构建出钢板厚度及钉道方向。在Geomagic Studio软件中行精细曲面、自动曲面、拟合曲面等操作,生成低切迹钢板雏形,并进行3D打印;取外踝后外侧切口,拨开腓骨长短肌腱,将3D打印出来的钢板雏形放置在腓骨后方以测试其大小及与骨面的贴合度。结果与结论:①ACD均值为(2.97±0.03)cm,变异度为5.23;PCD均值为(3.17±0.11)cm,变异度为17.60;CTD均值为(4.52±0.07)cm,变异度为8.60;②以此绘制外踝骨折线,呈倒“V”型;胫距关节面截面处CA均值为(103.20±1.94)°;腓骨远端前缘上下顶点的中点截面处CA均值为(78.50±1.78)°;③通过3-matic、solidworks及Geomagic Studio软件能够成功设计出外踝后外侧钢板,钢板近端螺钉孔道预留三四孔,其螺钉方向由后向前,远端预留内外侧各3个螺钉孔道,内侧3个孔道方向可由后向前,外侧3个螺钉孔道需偏向内侧,角度为9.72°-13.28°;④提示外踝前外侧骨折线ACD位置的变异度相对较小,而后外侧PCD位置变异度较大;外踝骨折块前外侧面与后外侧面的夹角呈现递减趋势,近段夹�BACKGROUND:Poor incision healing and infection often occur in elderly patients with lateral malleolar fractures after traditional lateral plate fixation.With the application of engineering software in medicine,a new type of plate placed posterolateral can be designed to solve the above-described problems.OBJECTIVE:To design a new type of posterior lateral low-profile steel plate with the aid of medical bioengineering software,based on the 3D CT data of the distance between the top of the lateral ankle fracture line to the anterior starting point(ACD),the distance between the top of the fracture line to the tip of the lateral ankle(CTD),the distance between the top of the fracture line to the posterior edge of the fracture line(PCD)and the angle between the anterior and posterior lateral sides of the distal fibula(CA).METHODS:Thirty cases of unstable lateral malleolar fracture and normal ankle were taken for CT scanning and three-dimensional reconstruction.The ACD,CTD,and PCD values in patients with lateral malleolar fracture were measured by 3-matic software,and the characteristics of lateral malleolar fracture line were plotted and described.The mimics software was used to measure the value of CA in the normal ankle joint.Based on the data measured above,3-matic software and solidworks software were used to design the low-profile steel plate and the thickness of the steel plate and the direction of the nail path were constructed.In Geomagic Studio software,fine surface,automatic surface,and fitting surface were used to generate the prototype of the low-profile steel plate,and then 3D printing was performed.After making a posterolateral incision of the lateral malleolus,the peroneus longus and brevis tendons were removed,and the prototype of the 3D-printed steel plate was placed behind the fibula to test its size and fit to the bone surface.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The mean of ACD was(2.97±0.03)cm,and the variation was 5.23.The mean of PCD was(3.17±0.11)cm,and the variation was 17.60.The mean of CTD was(4.52±

关 键 词：外踝骨折 腓骨后外侧 低切迹钢板 逆向设计 医学生物工程 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318[医药卫生—临床医学] R331