钢制凹底气瓶疲劳掉底原因分析  

Analysis of Bottom Drop for Steel Cylinder due to Fatigue

作　　者：由宏新[1] 戴行涛 韩冰 薄柯[3] 魏志浩 You Hongxin;Dai Xingtao;Han Bing;Bo Ke;Wei Zhihao(School of Chemical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024;Dalian Institute of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspection Co.,Ltd.,Dalian 116012;China Special Equipment Inspection&Research Institute,Beijing 100029)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学化工学院,大连116024 [2]大连锅炉压力容器检验检测研究院有限公司,大连116012 [3]中国特种设备检测研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《中国特种设备安全》2023年第11期68-74,93,共8页China Special Equipment Safety

摘　　要：钢制无缝气瓶在型式试验的疲劳试验过程中发生掉底,对掉底气瓶进行失效分析有助于预防事故的发生。基于有限元方法分析了设计底型与实际底型的应力,并对失效气瓶的材料组成、金相、断口的扫描电镜、能谱等方面进行分析,结合气瓶加工过程,探寻疲劳掉底的原因。气瓶在凹底外表面上有多处微裂纹,微裂纹处氧化物过多表明氧化皮进入材料内部,导致基体强度减弱,产生环向断裂。The bottom of seamless steel gas cylinder dropped out during the fatigue test of type test.Failure analysis of the cylinder contributes to accident prevention.The reason of the fatigue bottom fall was explored by the material composition,metallography,scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum of the fracture,combined with the gas cylinder processing process.The stress was analyzed for the designed bottom form and the actual bottom form by the finite element method.There are many micro-cracks on the outer surface at the concave bottom of the cylinder.Too much oxide at the micro-cracks indicates that the oxide scale enters the material,leading to the weakening of the matrix strength and circumferential fracture.

关 键 词：疲劳试验 气瓶 微裂纹 氧化皮 

分 类 号：X933.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]