金沙江旭龙水电站鱼类栖息地适宜性评价  

Suitability Assessment of Fish Habitat in the Riverine Section at Xulong Hydropower Station on Jinsha River

作　　者：李方平 张登成 王孟[2] 陈锋[3] 翟红娟[2] 杨汉运[3] 张可可 LI Fang-ping;ZHANG Deng-cheng;WANG Meng;CHEN Feng;ZHAI Hong-juan;YANG Han-yun;ZHANG Ke-ke(Guodian Jinsha River Xulong(benzilan)Hydropower Development Co.,Ltd,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China;Changjiang Water Resources Protection Institute,Wuhan 430051,P.R.China;Institute of Hydroecology,Ministry of Water Resources&Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430079,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]国电金沙江旭龙(奔子栏)水电开发有限公司,四川成都610041 [2]长江水资源保护科学研究所,湖北武汉430051 [3]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2023年第6期53-62,共10页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：水利部重大科技项目(SKS-2022040)。

摘　　要：评估栖息地适宜性等级,提出针对性的栖息地保护与修复措施,为梯级水电开发影响下的鱼类栖息地保护范围筛选提供参考。为筛选金沙江上游旭龙江段鱼类栖息地保护支流,从替代适宜性和保护适宜性2个角度构建了鱼类栖息地适宜性评价指标体系,选取11个与栖息地质量密切相关的评价指标,应用层次分析法确定评价指标的权重值,计算3条主要支流的栖息地适宜性指数(HSI),并划分栖息地适宜性等级。结果表明:重点保护鱼类物种相似性、纵向连通性指数、特有鱼类物种相似性3项指标的权重值位列前3位,分别为0.234、0.234、0.127;定曲、麦曲河、丹达曲的HSI分别为82.1、67.4和65.1,定曲适宜性等级最高为“高度适宜”,麦曲河、丹达曲适宜性等级为“适宜”。针对当前定曲鱼类生境存在的问题,拟定了补建过鱼设施、开展受损河道生境修复、实施生态调度以及加强水污染监管等对策措施。In this study,we evaluated the suitability of fish habitat in the Xulong section of the upper Jinsha River,and recommended targeted conservation and restoration strategies.We aimed to support fish habitat screening in the river section influenced by cascaded hydropower development.First,an evaluation index system for fish habitat suitability in the Xulong section was developed,consisting of 11 indices from the aspects of species similarity,habitat similarity,tributary connectivity,and ecologi-cal health.The weight of each index was determined by analytic hierarchy process,the habitat suitabili-ty index(HSI)was calculated by weighted summation,and five grades of habitat suitability were desig-nated(highly suitable,suitable,generally suitable,barely suitable,unsuitable).Then,based on the con-structed evaluation index system,the habitat suitability index of the three primary tributaries(Dingqu,Maiqu and Dandaqu River)along Xulong river section were calculated and grades assigned.The weighted values for the similarity of key protected fish species,vertical connectivity index and endem-ic fish species similarity were the top three among the 11 indices,with respective values of 0.234,0.234 and 0.127.The HSI of Dingqu,Maiqu and Dandaqu River were 82.1,67.4 and 65.1,respective-ly,giving grades of"high suitability"for Dingqu River and"suitable"for Maiqu River and Dandaqu River.Thus,the Dingqu River below Xulong dam should receive priority protection.Habitat conserva-tion and restoration are proposed in response to the current habitat problems in Dandaqu River,includ-ing rebuilding fish passing facilities,restoration of damaged river habitat,implementation of ecological regulation and strengthening of water pollution control.

关 键 词：鱼类栖息地 适宜性指数 生境修复 旭龙水电站 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学]