N/P/B掺杂水性丙烯酸树脂浸渍单侧表层压缩杨木的力学和阻燃性能  

Mechanical and flame-retardant properties of surface-densified poplar wood impregnated by waterborne acrylic resin doped with N/P/B

作　　者：张兴 樊奇 陈川富 郝笑龙 欧荣贤 王清文 ZHANG Xing;FAN Qi;CHEN Chuanfu;HAO Xiaolong;OU Rongxian;WANG Qingwen(Institute of Biomass Engineering,Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs),Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education(College of Materials and Energy,South China Agricultural University),Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学生物质工程研究院,农业农村部能源植物资源与利用重点实验室,生物基材料与能源教育部重点实验室(华南农业大学材料与能源学院),广州510642

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2023年第6期50-57,共8页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32071698);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B0202010008)。

摘　　要：针对速生杨木力学强度低、尺寸稳定性差、易燃烧的缺陷,采用复配改性液(水性丙烯酸树脂(WAR)/四水八硼酸钠(DOT)/植酸铵(APA))对杨木板材进行真空/加压浸渍处理,结合单侧表层压缩技术,制备了高强度阻燃木材(C-USD),系统研究了阻燃剂DOT/APA质量分数对C-USD的抗流失性、压缩回弹、力学性能和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,压缩密实层和WAR交联网络的共同封装作用有效延缓了水溶性DOT/APA的流失。随着DOT/APA质量分数的增大,C-USD的改性剂流失率和压缩回弹率逐渐增大,静曲强度和冲击强度逐渐降低,阻燃抑烟性能显著提高。与素材相比,当DOT/APA质量分数为5.4%时,C-USD的弹性模量和静曲强度分别提高了22.9%和20.9%,冲击强度基本保持不变,极限氧指数从22.0%提高到39.5%,通过UL-94 V-0级,最大热释放速率、最大烟产生速率和总烟释放量分别降低了45%,79%和77%。本研究提出的改性策略工艺简单、环境友好,不仅能够改善木材的力学性能,还能赋予其优异的阻燃抑烟性能,在建筑和家居等领域具有广泛的应用潜力。To address the drawbacks of low mechanical strength,poor dimensional stability,and high flammability of fast-growing wood,there is an urgent need for developing wood modification technologies with low cost,high efficiency,and environmentally friendly features.In this study,the modified poplar wood(C-USD)with high mechanical strength,efficient flame retardancy and smoke suppression capability was successfully prepared by unilateral surface densification assisted with the vacuum impregnation of waterborne acrylic resin(WAR)doped with disodium octaborate tetrahydrate(DOT)and ammonium phytate(APA).The effects of DOT/APA mass ratio on the leaching rate,set-recovery,mechanical properties,and fire retardance of C-USD were systematically investigated.The results showed that the leaching ratio of C-USD was as low as 20%,which was much lower than that of the densified wood only impregnated with DOT(75.0%)or APA(92.2%).The effect of co-encapsulation of the densified layer and cross-linked WAR network can effectively delay the leaching of water-soluble DOT/APA.With an increase in DOT/APA mass ratio,the leaching rate of the modifier and the set-recovery of C-USD were increased,the modulus of rupture(MOR)and impact strength were decreased,and the flame retardant and smoke suppressing performance were significantly improved.The modulus of elasticity(MOE)and MOR of C-USD with a mass ratio of 5.4%DOT/APA(C-USD-2)were 10.32 GPa and 98.9 MPa,respectively,which were 22.9%and 20.9%higher than those of the control wood.The impact strength of C-USD-2 was comparable to that of the control wood.The limiting oxygen index of C-USD-2 increased from 22.0%of the control wood to 39.5%,reaching the UL-94 V-0 level.CONE calorimetry testing revealed that the reductions of 45%,79%and 77%in the peak heat release ratio,maximum smoke production ratio,and total smoke production were achieved,respectively.The enhanced mechanism on flame resistance was mainly ascribed to the synergistically catalytic carbonization effect of DOT/APA and the compressed la

关 键 词：速生木材 水性丙烯酸树脂 表层密实化 阻燃性能 力学性能 

分 类 号：S784[农业科学—林学]