蜀山湖“孔子祀田”争夺案  

The Case of the Battle for"Sacrificial Fields for Confucius"in Shushan Lake

作　　者：高元杰 GAo Yuan-jie(The Grand Canal Research Institute,Liaocheng University,Liaocheng 252059,China)

机构地区：[1]聊城大学运河学研究院,山东聊城252059

出　　处：《聊城大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第6期148-156,共9页Journal of Liaocheng University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(20FZSB033):明清山东黄运地区环境史研究;聊城市哲学社会科学规划重点课题(NDZD2023056):元明清聊城运河行旅诗的搜集、整理与研究阶段性成果。

摘　　要：清代最重要的济运水柜蜀山湖经常淤出湖田,受到附近豪强,尤其是曲阜衍圣公府的凯舰。但由于蜀山湖事关漕运安危,衍圣公府始终未能如愿。清末漕运废止后,蜀山湖淤出480顷湖荒,被附近佃农争种。争夺失败的佃农企图借用衍圣公府势力重夺佃种权,遂伪造碑志投献衍圣公府。衍圣公府以此为据,凭借与山东督办张宗昌的亲密关系夺得蜀山湖田的所有权,但尚未来得及接收便因国民革命军北伐而事寝。北伐后孔子祀田被划归地方教育事业提供经费之用,济宁县教育局便以蜀山湖田是“孔子祀田”为由,请求归其掌管,并获得山东省政府批准。当时湖田所有者山东省建设厅对此不满,适值1931年爆发全国性特大水灾,蒋介石提议“废田还湖”并通令各省遵行,山东省建设厅据此强调蜀山湖在维系区域水利上的重要性,最终保有了蜀山湖田的国有性质。Shushan Lake(蜀山湖),the most important waterway and reservoir in the Qing dynasty,often sedimented lake fields and was coveted by domineering gentries around,especially the Duke Yansheng Mansion(衍圣公府)in Qufu.However,the Duke Yansheng Mansion failed to get what it wanted because Shushan Lake mattered to the security of the Water Transportation.After canal transportation was abolished in the late Qing dynasty,480 hectares of lake fields were sedimented in Shushan Lake,sought after by tenant farmers nearby.Those tenant farmers who failed in the seizure attempted to use the clout of the Duke Yansheng Mansion to capture the right to cultivate there,so they forged an inscription and offered it to the Duke Yansheng Mansion.With the inscription as proof,the Duke Yansheng Mansion gained ownership of the lake fields by virtue of its close ties with Zhang Zongchang.Nonetheless,things came to a halt because of the northward expedition of the national revolutionary army.After the northward expedition,sacrificial fields for Confucius were put as a source funds for local education,and the Education Bureau of Jining County requested to take charge of the lake fields on the grounds that the fields were for sacrificial purposes for Confucius,which was approved by the Shandong Provincial Government.The Shandong Department of Construction,the then owner of the lake fields,was unsatisfied with this,just at that time,a major flood hit the country in 1931,Chiang Kai-shek proposed to"restore farmland to lake"and ordered all provinces to follow,then the Shandong Department of Construction accordingly emphasized the importance of Shushan Lake to maintain regional water conservation and finally kept the lake fields in the Shushan Lake state-owned.

关 键 词：运河 蜀山湖 湖田 衍圣公 祀田 

分 类 号：K251[历史地理—历史学]