安康市2015—2021年百白破疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析  

Surveillance andanalysis of AEFI of DTaP vaccine in Ankang City from 2015 to 2021

作　　者：戴小强 庄贵华 罗延琪 万春阁[2] 金华英[2] DAI Xiaoqiang;ZHUANG Guihua;LUO Yanqi;WAN Chunge;JIN Huaying(School of Public Health,Department of Medicine,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710061,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学部公共卫生学院,陕西西安710061 [2]安康市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2023年第10期952-956,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：陕西省财政厅省卫健委省中管局关于下达2020年公共卫生体系建设和重大疫情防控救治体系建设中央补助资金的通知(陕财办社[2020]137号)。

摘　　要：目的分析安康市2015—2021年无细胞百白破联合(adsorption tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis,DTaP)疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse event following immunization,AEFI)发生特征,为后续疫苗接种工作提供参考。方法通过全国疑似预防接种异常反应信息管理系统收集2015—2021年安康市报告的DTaP疫苗接种AEFI个案,结合年报数据进行描述性流行病学分析。结果安康市2015—2021年共报告DTaP疫苗AEFI病例724例,报告发生率为92.64/10万剂,男女性别比为1.51∶1,多发生在第四剂次。不良反应中,一般反应717例,报告发生率为91.87/10万剂,以发热、红肿、硬结为主;异常反应5例,报告发生率为0.64/10万剂,多为过敏性皮疹;偶合症2例,报告发生率为0.26/10万剂,四剂次之间的AEFI报告发生率总体差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=506.99,P<0.01)。第一和第三、四剂次,第二和第三、四剂次以及第三和第四剂次AEFI报告发生率差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=26.96,260.66,30.94,266.41,139.02,均P<0.01)。AEFI报告发生率逐年上升,2020年和2021年有所下降,在延迟接种中发现长间隔AEFI的发生比例很高。结论安康市2015—2021年DTaP疫苗接种安全性较高,推迟接种时间过长对不良反应的发生可能有影响。Objective To analyze the characteristics of suspected adverse event following immunization(AEFI)of adsorption tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis(DTaP)vaccine in Ankang City from 2015 to 2021,and provide a reference for subsequent vaccination work.Methods The reported AEFI cases of DTaP vaccine in Ankang from 2015 to 2021 were collected from the National AEFI Information Management System,and descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted based on the annual data.Results A total of 724 cases of AEFI of DTaP vaccine were reported in Ankang City from 2015 to 2021,with an reportedincidence of 92.64/100000 doses.The sex ratio of male to female was 1.51:1,which frequently occurred in the fourth dose.Among the adverse reactions,there were 717 cases of general reactions,the reported incidence was 91.87/100000 doses,mainly fever,redness,swelling,and induration.There were 5 cases of abnormal reactions,the reported incidence was 0.64/100000 doses,and most of them were allergic eruptions.There were 2 cases of coupled diseases,and the reported incidence was 0.26/100000 doses.There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of AEFI reports between the four doses(χ^(2)=506.99,P<0.01).There were statistically significant differences in the incidence of AEFI reported at the first and third and fourth doses,the second and third and fourth doses,and the third and fourth doses(χ^(2)=26.96,260.66,30.94,266.41,139.02,all P<0.01).The reported incidence of AEFI increased year by year and decreased in 2020 and 2021,with a high proportion of long-spaced AEFI was found in delayed vaccinations.ConclusionThe safety of DTaP vaccination from 2015 to 2021 in Ankang City is relatively high,and delaying vaccination for too long may affect the occurrence of adverse reactions.

关 键 词：AEFI 分析 百白破疫苗 流行病学 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]