COVID-19疫苗相关性心肌炎研究进展  

Research Progress of COVID-19 Vaccine-associated Myocarditis

作　　者：卢莉莉 吴霆鑫 贺志成 杨岱玮 LU Lili;WU Tingxin;HE Zhicheng;YANG Daiwei(Department of Clinical Medicine,College of Medicine,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,Hubei,430065,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学医学院临床医学系,湖北武汉430065

出　　处：《广西科学》2023年第5期1001-1008,共8页Guangxi Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(81700446);湖北省卫计委面上项目(WJ2017M175);湖北省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202110488072)资助。

摘　　要：新型冠状病毒感染(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19)给人类健康、社会经济发展及全球医疗和公共卫生系统带来了严重的威胁,因此研发安全有效的特异性疫苗至关重要。目前,基于腺病毒载体和mRNA等技术开发的多款疫苗已在人群中广泛接种,然而疫苗接种可能导致的不良反应不容忽视。除了在临床试验中观察到的接种后疲劳、发烧和肌痛等常见不良反应外,疫苗相关性心肌炎正逐步引起人们的关注。在全球范围内已有多例COVID-19疫苗相关性心肌炎导致死亡的病例报道,对接种人群的健康危害较大。因此,本文对COVID-19疫苗相关性心肌炎的发生概况以及其潜在的发生机制进行综述,认为COVID-19疫苗相关性心肌炎的发生与疫苗的类型、接种剂次以及接种人群特征等因素都存在一定的相关性,而且不同类型疫苗引起心肌炎的机制各不相同。未来仍需结合临床数据开展更多的基础研究,以明确疫苗相关性心肌炎发生的具体机制,从而研发更加安全有效的新型COVID-19疫苗,降低疫苗相关性心肌炎的发生率。The novel coronavirus pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19)posed a serious threat to human health,socio-economic development,and global medical and public health systems.Therefore,it is crucial to develop safe and effective specific vaccines.At present,a variety of vaccines based on adenovirus vectors and mRNA technology have been widely inoculated in the population.However,the adverse reactions caused by vaccination cannot be ignored.In addition to the common adverse reactions such as fatigue,fever and myalgia after vaccination that have been observed in clinical trials,vaccine-associated myocarditis is gradually attracting people's attention.There have been many cases of death caused by COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis worldwide,which is more harmful to the health of the vaccinated population.Therefore,this article reviewed the occurrence of COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis and its potential mechanism.It is believed that the occurrence of COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis is related to the type of vaccine,the number of vaccinations,and the characteristics of the vaccinated population.And the mechanisms of myocarditis caused by different types of vaccines.In the future,more basic research should be carried out in combination with clinical data to clarify the specific mechanism of vaccine-associated myocarditis,so as to develop a safer and more effective new COVID-19 vaccine and reduce the incidence of vaccine-associated myocarditis.

关 键 词：COVID-19疫苗 疫苗相关性心肌炎 mRNA疫苗 腺病毒载体疫苗 不良反应 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]