3D打印技术在石油钻头中的应用探究  

Application of three-dimensional printing technology to manufacture of petroleum drill bits

作　　者：刘八仙 LIU Baxian(Industry Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing,Sichuan University of Arts and Science,Dazhou Sichuan 635000)

机构地区：[1]四川文理学院智能制造产业技术研究院,四川达州635000

出　　处：《首都师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第6期47-52,共6页Journal of Capital Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：智能制造产业技术研究院开放基金项目(ZNZZ2217)。

摘　　要：针对钻头传统的制造工艺存在加工周期长、加工精度低等缺点,而3D打印技术具有成型速度快、成型精度高等优点,本文将3D打印技术运用到胎体聚晶金刚石复片(PDC)钻头和牙轮-PDC混合钻头模具制造工艺中。与传统压模和铣模成型工艺相比,3D打印技术模具成型工艺将误差0.50~2.00 mm降低到0.20~0.30 mm,将传统制造工艺流程简化,提高制造的加工效率,同时3D打印技术能制作任意复杂曲面形状的模具,实现了钻头复杂的结构研制。通过对3D打印技术模具成型生产的PDC钻头现场实验,结果表明3D打印的新钻头机械钻速提高25.8%,进尺平均提高7.7%,新钻头破岩效率有较大提升,3D打印技术融入到石油钻头制造中是可行且有实际价值的。In allusion to traditional manufacturing technology of drill has the disadvantages of long machining cycle and low machining accuracy,while the 3D printing technology has the advantages of fast molding speed and high molding accuracy.In this paper,3D printing technology is applied to the molds manufacturing of fetal polycrystalline diamond compact(PDC)drill bits and cone-PDC hybrid drill bits.Compared with the traditional press mold and milling mold molding process,3D printing technology mold molding process reduces the error of 0.50 to 2.00 mm to 0.20 to 0.30 mm,simplifies the traditional manufacturing process,and improves the manufacturing efficiency.At the same time,3D printing technology is capable of producing any mold of complex surface shape,making the complex structure of the drill manufacturing possible.The field experiments of PDC drill bits produced by 3D printing technology were conducted,and the research results show that the mechanical drilling speed of the new 3D printing drill bit increased by 25.8%,the feed rate increased by 7.7%on average,and the rock breaking efficiency of the new drill bit was greatly improved.It is feasible and practical to integrate 3D printing technology into the production of petroleum drill bit manufacturing.

关 键 词：3D打印技术 加工精度 模具成型 石油钻头 机械钻速 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]