聚脲涂覆泡沫铝压缩力学性能及吸能特性研究  

Study on Compressive Mechanical Properties and Energy-absorption Characteristics of Polyurea-coated Foam Aluminum

作　　者：郭辉[1,2] 冯晶晶 陈玉 孙亚斌[1] 邱爽 GUO Hui;FENG Jingjing;CHEN Yu;SUN Yabin;QIU Shuang(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,Sichuan,China;Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Mianyang 621010,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学土木工程与建筑学院,四川绵阳621010 [2]工程材料与结构冲击振动四川省重点实验室,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第23期198-204,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12272330);四川省自然科学基金(2022NSFSC0338)。

摘　　要：为了增强泡沫铝的抗侵彻性能,本工作将聚脲涂覆于三种相对密度的泡沫铝试件端面制备了聚脲涂覆泡沫铝复合件,研究了聚脲涂覆方式对复合件准静态和动态压缩力学行为及吸能特性的影响规律,讨论了聚脲涂覆泡沫铝的变形失效特征。结果表明:聚脲涂覆泡沫铝应力-应变曲线的线弹性段和初始屈服平台段应变率敏感性较弱,致密化段具有显著应变率敏感性;在动态加载下,泡沫铝试件端面涂覆聚脲有助于缓解应力-应变曲线屈服平台段锯齿振荡现象,可以提升其致密应变对应的理想吸能效率值,尤其在背压面涂覆聚脲的泡沫铝试件的理想吸能效率值提升效果最明显;在准静态加载下,背压面涂覆聚脲的泡沫铝试件加载密实后仍呈“圆柱”状,变形较为均匀;在动态加载下,聚脲的涂覆可有效防止冲击荷载下泡沫铝碎片飞溅造成的危害。该研究可为聚脲涂覆泡沫铝复合板在军用方舱结构中的应用提供理论参考依据。In order to improve the anti-penetration capability of foam aluminum,polyurea-coated foam aluminum composites were prepared by coating polyurea on the end faces of foam aluminum specimens with three relative densities.The effect of polyurea coating methods on the quasi-static and dynamic compressive mechanical behavior and energy-absorption characteristics of the composites was studied,and the deformation characteristics of polyurea-coated foam aluminum was discussed.The results show that the linear elastic section and the initial yield plateau section of the stress-strain curves of polyurea-coated foam aluminum are less sensitive to strain rate,and the densification section has significant strain rate sensitivity.Under dynamic loading,the polyurea coating on the end face of the foam aluminum specimen is helpful to alleviate the sawtooth oscillation in the yield plateau section of the stress-strain curves,and can improve the ideal energy-absorption efficiency corresponding to its densification strain,especially the improvement effect of ideal energy absorption efficiency of foam aluminum specimen coated with polyurea on the back pressure surface is the most obvious.Under quasi-static loading,the foam aluminum specimen coated with polyurea on the back pressure surface is still cylindrical after loading,and the deformation is relatively uniform.Under dynamic loading,the polyurea coating can effectively prevent the damage caused by the splashing of foam aluminum fragments under impact load.This study can provide a theoretical reference for the application of polyurea-coated foam aluminum composite plate in the military shelter structure.

关 键 词：泡沫铝 聚脲 应变率 力学性能 吸能特性 

分 类 号：TB333[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]