侧部排烟隧道低位排烟口优化设计  

Research on the Optimization Scheme of the Low-level Smoke Outlet in the Side Smoke Exhaust Tunnel

作　　者：胡大伟[1] 姜学鹏[2] HU Dawei;JIANG Xuepeng(China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430063,China;Fire Safety Technology Institute,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司,湖北武汉430063 [2]武汉科技大学消防安全技术研究所,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2023年第6期130-137,共8页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51874213);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2020BCB072)。

摘　　要：引入低位排烟口概念,构建以隧道排烟效率η、隧道拱顶温度T、隧道清晰高度处烟气温度Tz和隧道清晰高度处能见度Vz4个评价指标组成的隧道火灾烟气控制效果评价模型,并采用FDS数值模拟软件探究低位排烟口在隧道火灾中的排烟有效性及工程设计参数。结果表明:低位排烟口下缘距地面高度越低隧道排烟效率越低,低位排烟口下缘距地面高度为1.5 m及以上时符合隧道内部排烟要求;通过增大排烟口间距或增大排烟口面积均有利于提高低位排烟口总排烟效率;确定符合隧道火灾控制评价指标的低位排烟口下缘距地面高度为1.5 m,排烟口间距为60 m,排烟口尺寸宜取4 m×0.8 m(排烟口面积S≥3.2 m^(2))。For innovative introduction of the concept of low-level smoke outlet,a tunnel fire smoke control effect evaluation model composed of four indicators,including smoke exhaust efficiencyη,tunnel vault temperature T,smoke temperature at clear height T_z,and visibility at clear height V_z,was constructed,and the numerical simulation of FDS software was used to explore the smoke exhaust effectiveness and related design parameters of low-level smoke outlet in tunnel fire.The results show that the lower the height of the low-level smoke outlet,the worse the exhaust efficiency.1.5 m and above meet the smoke exhaust requirements.It is beneficial to improve the overall smoke extraction efficiency of low-level smoke outlet by increasing the distance between the smoke outlet or increasing the area of the smoke outlet.In addition,it is determined that the height of the lower edge of the low-level smoke outlet that meets the fire control evaluation index is 1.5 m,the distance of the smoke outlet is 60 m,and the size of the smoke outlet should be 4 m×0.8 m(S≥3.2 m^(2)).

关 键 词：隧道侧部排烟 低位排烟口 火灾烟气控制 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]