基于ETD模型的化工园区地下水中优控污染物筛选方法研究  

Screening Method of Priority Control Pollutants of Groundwater in Chemical Industrial Parks Based on ETD Model

作　　者：刘媚 郇环 谢先军 杨洋 李海祥 晁韶良 LIU Mei;HUAN Huan;XIE Xianjun;YANG Yang;LI Haixiang;CHAO Shaoliang(School of Environmental Studies,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430078,China;Technical Centre for Soil,Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,湖北武汉430078 [2]生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心,北京100012

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2023年第6期192-201,共10页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3700904)。

摘　　要：化工园区地下水环境调查评估是“十四五”期间地下水生态环境保护的重点任务之一,而科学筛选地下水中优控污染物是调查评估工作的重点和难点。目前针对地下水中优控污染物筛选方法的研究相对较少,尤其是针对地下水监测数据缺失或薄弱的情况。以西南地区某化工园区为研究区,基于“源-路径-受体”的思路,构建了综合考虑污染源强(E)、污染物毒性(T)、污染物进入地下水难易程度(D)的综合评价模型(ETD模型),并通过K-means聚类分析获得高、中、低三个级别地下水中优控污染物清单。结果表明:该化工园区地下水中有高级别优控污染物12种、中级别优控污染物20种、低级别优控污染物22种,其中高级别优控污染物包括卤代脂肪烃7种、醇类1种、单环芳香族化合物2种、有机磷农药1种和其他有机物1种;筛选出的高级别优控污染物与国内外相关研究和标准的清单具有较高的一致性,同时也与该化工园区地下水样品中有机污染物的实际检测结果有较好的一致性,且能反映该化工园区企业的“三废”特征。该研究方法为化工园区地下水中优控有机污染物的筛选提供了新的思路,研究结果可为化工园区地下水调查和污染风险管控措施的制定提供理论支撑。The investigation and assessment of groundwater environment in chemical industrial parks are one of the key tasks of groundwater ecological environment protection during the 14th Five-Year Plan period,and the scientific screening of priority control pollutants of groundwater is the key and difficult point of the investigation and assessment.At present,there are relatively few studies on methods for screening the priority control pollutants in groundwater,especially in the case of missing or weak groundwater monitoring data.Taking a chemical industrial park in Southwest China as the study area,based on the idea of“Origin-Pathway-Target”,a comprehensive(ETD)model is proposed to screen the priority control pollutants in groundwater by combining the pollution emission intensity(E),pollutant toxicity(T)and the difficulty for pollutants entering groundwater(D),then a list of high,medium and low level of groundwater priority control pollutants is obtained through K-means cluster analysis.The results are as follows:The groundwater of this chemical industrial park contains 12 high-level,20 medium-level and 22 low-level prio-rity control pollutants,among which high-level priority control pollutants include seven halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons,one alcohol,two monocyclic aromatic compounds,one organophosphorus pesticide and one other organic substance.The screened high-level priority control pollutants have high consistency with the lists of relevant domestic and international studies and standards,as well as with the detection results of organic pollutants in the groundwater samples of the chemical park,which also reflects the characteristics of the three wastes of the enterprises in the chemical park.This model provides a new idea for the screening of priority organic pollutants in the groundwater of chemical parks,and the results of the study can provide theoretical support for the investigation of groundwater in chemical parks and the formulation of pollution risk control measures.

关 键 词：化工园区 地下水 优控污染物筛选 ETD模型 K-means聚类分析 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]