消防救援队伍热习服训练探索及分析  

Exploration and Analysis of Heat Acclimatization Training for the HAZMAT Taskforces of China Fire and Rescue Force

作　　者：傅杰 王尘 孙伟雄 FU Jie;WANG Chen;SUN Wei Xiong

机构地区：[1]北京市消防救援总队

出　　处：《中国应急救援》2023年第6期54-57,62,共5页China Emergency Rescue

摘　　要：改革转制以来,在“大安全、大应急”的新时代要求下,消防救援队伍逐渐承担了更多种类急难险重的救援任务。从任务的复杂程度、现场的危险程度上,都越来越有挑战,为了确保消防救援人员自身安全,个人防护装备的种类越来越多,应用越来越复杂。尤其是核生化处置任务,需要长时间在气密性、液密性较高的防护等级下作业,工作环境较为极端,易造成消防员发生热失控、热损伤现象。为了应对此种情况,运用热习服训练的方法和理念,探索如何提升消防员在极端环境下遂行任务和确保自身安全的能力。本文介绍了热习服的概念,提出了消防队伍开展热习服训练的基本思路、组训方式和具体措施,从训练表现、作战时间、战斗状态三个方面分析了热习服训练的成效,并从消防队伍热习服训练推广前景、训练方式、评估方法等方面提出了思考,以及下一步研究方向。Since the reform and transformation,under the requirements of the new era of“All-hazards approach to all types of emergencies”,China fire&rescue teams have gradually undertaken more kinds of urgent and dangerous rescue tasks.In terms of the complexity of task and danger at the scene,more and more challenges emerge.To ensure the safety of fire rescuers,there are more and more types of personal protective equipment,and the application is more and more complex,especially for nuclear,biological and chemical hazard disposal tasks,which made it necessary to work for a long time under the protection of high air tightness and liquid tightness,and the working environment is more extreme,which is easy to cause thermal runaway and thermal injury of firefighters.In order to cope with this situation,the methods and concepts of thermal acclimatization training were used to explore how to improve the ability of firefighters to carry out tasks and ensure their own safety in extreme environments.This paper introduces the concept of heat acclimatization,puts forward the basic ideas,training methods and specific measures of heat acclimatization training for fire brigades,analyzes the effectiveness of heat acclimation training from three aspects of training performance,combat time and combat status,and puts forward the reflection and the future research direction from the promotion prospects,training methods and evaluation methods of fire brigade heat acclimation training.

关 键 词：消防救援 热习服 训练 

分 类 号：D631.6[政治法律—政治学] TS941.73[政治法律—中外政治制度]