城市人口集聚对劳动者就业满意度的影响研究  

Research on the Impact of Urban Population Agglomeration on Workers’Job Satisfaction

作　　者：于潇[1] 王琪汇 YU Xiao;WANG Qi-hui(Center for Northeast Asian Studies,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin 130012,China;College for Northeast Asian,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学东北亚研究中心,长春130012 [2]吉林大学东北亚学院,长春130012

出　　处：《西北人口》2023年第6期14-28,共15页Northwest Population Journal

基　　金：国家卫健委委托课题:全国人口收缩地区发展态势及其对策研究;国家社会科学基金一般项目:粤港澳大湾区人口集聚及其经济增长效应研究(18BRK024)。

摘　　要：近年来,我国人口迁移流动向都市圈、城市群集聚的趋势更为明显。在我国城镇化加速发展的背景下,将集聚理论纳入成本—收益分析框架,结合中国劳动力动态调查微观数据与城市宏观数据,研究城市人口集聚对劳动者就业满意度的影响。研究发现:第一,城市人口集聚通过个人收入、职业匹配与公共服务等集聚收益对劳动者就业满意度产生正向影响;通过工作压力、城市房价与交通拥堵等集聚成本对劳动者就业满意度产生负向影响。综合来看,目前我国城市人口集聚仍能提升劳动者就业满意度。第二,城市人口集聚对城市户籍劳动者、高教育水平劳动者与体制内劳动者的就业满意度提升更大;相比人口高度集聚城市,人口中度集聚城市的规模扩张更可能提升劳动者就业满意度。第三,基于集聚经济理论“空间发展钟形曲线”,都市圈空间不平等表现为经济一体化的集聚阶段或分散阶段。相比经济一体化分散阶段的都市圈,处于集聚阶段的都市圈,城市人口规模扩张更可能提升劳动者就业满意度。The spatial agglomeration trend of population migration to metropolitan regions and urban agglomerations is more obvious in recent years.In the context of accelerating urbanization in China,this paper first applies agglomeration theory to the framework of cost-benefit;second analyzes the influence of urban population agglomeration on the job satis-faction of workers by combining the micro data of China labor dynamics survey and urban macro data.The results show that:firstly,urban population agglomeration has a positive effect on the job satisfaction of workers through agglomeration benefits encompassing public services,job matches and personal income;otherwise,it has a negative effect on the job satisfaction of workers through agglomeration costs encompassing work pressure,house prices and traffic congestion in urban areas.In general,urban population agglomeration can still improve the job satisfaction of workers.Secondly,ur-ban population agglomeration has a greater effect on the job satisfaction of workers,who have urban household registra-tion,high educational attainments and been employed in the institutions.Compared to cities with high agglomeration of population,the expansion of cities with moderate agglomeration of population is more likely to improve the employment satisfaction of workers.Thirdly,based on the agglomeration economic theory“bell curve of spatial development”,spatial inequality of the metropolitan areas is in the centralized stage or decentralized stage of economic integration.Compared with the metropolitan area in the decentralized stage of economic integration,the expansion of the urban population is more likely to improve the employment satisfaction of workers in the metropolitan area in the centralized stage.

关 键 词：城市规模 人口集聚 空间不平等 就业满意度 都市圈 

分 类 号：F061.3[经济管理—政治经济学]