玉米自交系成熟期耐盐碱性分析  

Analysis on the Salt and Alkali Tolerance of Maize Inbred Lines at Maturity Stage

作　　者：党根友[1] 杨国虎[1] 朱永兴[2] 李杨 佘奎军[1] 程晋龙[1] 伏晓昭 张庆彪 DANG Genyou;YANG Guohu;ZHU Yongxing;LI Yang;SHE Kuijun;CHENG Jinlong;FU Xiaozhao;ZHANG Qingbiao(Crop Research Institute,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan Ningxia 750002,China;Research Centre of Agro-biotechnology,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan Ningxia750002,China;Ningxia Lingwu Agricultural Mechanization Promotion Service Centre,Lingwu Ningxia751400,China;College of Agronomy,Ningxia University,Yinchuan Ningxia 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]宁夏农林科学院农业生物技术研究中心,宁夏银川750002 [3]灵武市农业机械化推广服务中心,宁夏灵武751400 [4]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《寒旱农业科学》2023年第11期1031-1037,共7页Journal of Cold-Arid Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金(2022AAC03462);国家自然科学基金(31860381);宁夏青年科技人才托举工程项目(TJGC2018081);宁夏自然科学基金(2022AAC03461);宁夏农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范项目(NGSB-2021-3-02)。

摘　　要：培育和筛选耐盐玉米品种是提高盐碱地玉米产量最经济有效的手段。为了给宁夏灌区耐盐碱地玉米种质鉴定及耐盐碱种质筛选提供理论依据,以60份玉米自交系为试验材料,分析了不同盐碱含量下盐碱胁迫对农艺性状及籽粒产量的影响。结果表明,在重盐碱地玉米自交系株高、穗位高、穗位高系数、茎粗、穗长、秃尖长度、行粒数、穗粗表现均较对照轻盐碱地降低,且产量与行粒数、千粒重、穗粒重、穗数呈显著正相关。此外,盐碱胁迫对植株大小和叶片大小影响较大,穗部性状受盐碱影响的程度由大到小为穗粗、千粒重、穗长、秃尖长度、产量、穗粒重、行粒数。茎粗、叶宽、叶面积、株高、穗位高、叶长、穗数可作为玉米田间耐盐碱表型鉴定指标。Breeding of salt tolerant maize varieties is the most economical and effective measure to increase maize yield in saline alkali soil.In order to provide a theoretical basis for screening the maize germplasm resources with salt and alkali tolerance for the Ningxia irrigation areas,using 60 maize inbred lines as experimental materials,the effects of salt alkali stress on agronomic traits and grain yields were analyzed in experimental plots with different salt alkali contents.The results showed that plant height,spike height,spike height coefficient,stem diameter,spike length,bald tip length,number of grains per row,and spike diameter were all decreased compared to that of the control in heavy saline alkali soil,and yield was significantly positively correlated with row grain number,thousand grain weight,spike grain weight,and spike number.In addition,salt alkali had a significant impact on plant size and leaf size.The degree of influence of salt alkali on spike traits was ranked as spike diameter>thousand grain weight>spike length>bald tip length>yield>spike grain weight>row grain number.Stem diameter,leaf width,leaf area,plant height,spike height,leaf length,and spike number could be used as phenotypic identification indicators in the field.

关 键 词：玉米 自交系 成熟期 耐盐碱 性状分析 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]