基于切缝药包的定向爆破技术在巷道快速掘进中的应用  

Application of Directional Blasting Technology Based on Cutting Packages in Rapid Tunneling of Roadways

作　　者：谢坤 韩磊 田道坡 杨雷 李嘉宁 袁清坤 石君昊 XIE Kun;HAN Lei;TIAN Dao-po;YANG Lei;LI Jia-ning;YUAN Qing-kun;SHI Jun-hao(Henan Huatong Yong'an Blasting Technology Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Xinyang 465235,China;Henan Huatong Blasting Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xinyang 465235,China;School of Civil Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454003,China;Lu′an Chemical Group Sima Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Changzhi 047100,China)

机构地区：[1]河南华通永安爆破技术工程有限公司,信阳465235 [2]河南华通爆破工程技术有限责任公司,信阳465235 [3]河南理工大学土木工程学院,焦作454003 [4]潞安化工集团司马煤业有限公司,长治047100

出　　处：《价值工程》2023年第33期99-101,共3页Value Engineering

摘　　要：在巷道掘进中,超挖、欠挖是一种常见的现象,这不仅影响到巷道的掘进速度,也影响到后续的支护方式和支护成本。本文基于常规爆破的破岩机理和炸药应力波的传播规律,阐明了光面爆破与切缝管定向断裂爆破过程中贯通裂纹的形成机理。经试验对比发现:在较硬的中粗粒砂岩巷道中,采用基于切缝药包的岩石定向爆破技术,可得到平整度较高的巷道断面,有效控制超欠挖现象,炮眼的残留率同比提升1.26倍,炮眼利用率平均提升2.5个百分点。切缝药包的使用每个循环减少4个周边眼,单循环总炸药量减少37.5kg,爆破后岩石的体积增加约6m3。基于切缝药包的定向爆破技术可提高光爆效果,增加围岩稳定性,为类似工程施工提供依据。In roadway excavation,over-excavation and under-excavation are a common phenomenon,which not only affects the excavation speed of the roadway,but also affects the subsequent support methods and support costs.Based on the rock breaking mechanism of conventional blasting and the propagation law of explosive stress wave,this paper expounds the formation mechanism of penetrating cracks in the process of smooth blasting and directional fracture blasting of slotted pipe.Through experimental comparison,it is found that in the hard medium-coarse sandstone roadway,the rock directional blasting technology based on slotted cartridge can obtain the roadway section with high flatness,effectively control the phenomenon of overbreak and underbreak,and the residual rate of blasting hole is increased by 1.26 times year-on-year,and the utilization rate of blasting hole is increased by 2.5 percentage points on average.The use of cutting seam cartridges reduces 4 peripheral eyes per cycle,the total explosive amount per cycle is reduced by 37.5kg,and the volume of rock after blasting is increased by about 6m3.Directional blasting technology based on cutting packages can improve the effect of smooth blasting and increase the stability of surrounding rock,which provides a basis for similar engineering construction.

关 键 词：光面爆破 切缝药包 参数优化 裂纹贯通 现场试验 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]