微言何以相感:春秋赋诗的内在理路及辨体观念  

How do Weiyan Can Mutual Influence:The Inner Logic and the Concept of Distinguishing Style of Poemsin the Spring and Autumn Period

作　　者：崔德全 任竞泽[1,2] CUI De-quan;REN Jing-ze

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学文学院 [2]陕西师范大学陕西文化资源开发协同创新中心,西安710119

出　　处：《北方论丛》2023年第6期122-130,共9页The Northern Forum

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“中日韩诗话的文体史料与文体观念”(19FZWB042)。

摘　　要：春秋赋诗,是春秋时人在多种不同场合,主要是在外交宴享盟会上,以微言相感,借赋诗来表达志向、实现潜在目的的言语行为。“微言”,实际上包含委婉曲折的言辞、隐晦的言辞、精妙的言辞和简略中包蕴大意的言辞等多个方面的含义。春秋赋诗作为一种间接言语行为,实际上是赋诗者的志向、目的间接实现的过程。他们在表面的酬酢、客套之下,掩藏着或求援、或结盟等的真实目的。赋诗者意图或目的的顺利实现,是在很多因素的共同作用下完成的:比如得体的言说方式、对《诗》的熟知熟用和对语境的深切体察等。春秋赋诗是中国人言说方式的普遍象征,它对后世中国文学、文化产生了深远的影响。另外,在深层次的思维方式上,歌诗必类的赋诗原则也与后世文章辨体间存在着相通的关系。Composing poetry in the Spring and Autumn Period is a kind of verbal behaviors which express ambition and realize potential purpose by composing poetry on various occasions,mainly diplomatic occasions.As an indirect verbal behavior,composing poetry in the spring and Autumn period is actually a process in which the poet’s ambition and purpose are indirectly realized.Under the surface of entertainment and politeness,they hide the real purpose of asking for help or forming an alliance.The successful realization of the poet’s intention or purpose is accomplished under the joint action of many factors,such as proper way of speaking,familiarity with the poem and deep understanding of The Book of Songs.Composing poetry in the Spring and Autumn Period is a universal symbol of China people’s way of speaking,which has a far-reaching influence on China literature and culture in later generations.In addition,in the deep-seated way of thinking,there is a close relationship between the principle of composing poems that songs and poems must be similar to that of later generations.

关 键 词：春秋赋诗 微言相感 内在理路 歌诗必类 文章辨体 

分 类 号：I20[文学—中国文学]