中药中黄酮类化合物的药理药效研究进展  

Pharmacology and efficacy of flavonoid from traditional Chinese medicine

作　　者：苏圆圆 王雪艳 李成林 刘成[2] SU Yuanyuan;WANG Xueyan;LI Chenglin;LIU Cheng(College of Chinese Materia Medica,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 301617,China;College of Agronomy and Agricultural Engineering,Liaocheng University,Liaocheng Shangdong 252000,China)

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学中药学院,天津301617 [2]聊城大学农学与农业工程学院,山东聊城252000

出　　处：《中兽医医药杂志》2023年第6期42-46,共5页Journal of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32172901,31872515)。

摘　　要：黄酮类化合物是一种广泛存在于多种植物中的主要活性成分,属于次级代谢产物。在植物体内大部分与糖结合,以苷类或碳糖基的形式存在,也有的以游离形式存在。植物黄酮类化合物具有多种药理活性,如抗炎、抗氧化和抗肿瘤等,对心血管疾病、神经性疾病、肝脏疾病、肾脏疾病等多种疾病具有较好的预防和治疗作用。研究表明,黄酮类化合物能够通过抑制细胞炎症因子的分泌、增强抗炎因子表达而发挥抗炎作用;通过阻断自由基链反应,减少自由基产生,也可以激活内源性抗氧化酶的活性,清除体内过多的自由基而减缓氧化应激对机体造成的损伤;通过多靶点、多环节、多通路协同发挥降糖作用;抑制肿瘤细胞的分裂和增殖活性,进而发挥抗肿瘤作用;通过减少氧化应激、炎症信号分子表达等方式,治疗心血管疾病;通过减少氧化应激损伤、调节氨酸代谢和减少多巴胺能神经元丢失等方式,防治神经性疾病;可有效清除肝脏内的自由基,抑制促炎因子表达,防治肝脏疾病;通过抑制炎症、调控相关信号通路来防治肾脏疾病。本文对近年来中药黄酮类化合物的药理作用机制及临床应用研究进行归纳总结,为其后续的深入研究、开发及推广应用提供参考。Flavonoids are a major active ingredient found in a variety of plants and belong to secondary metabolites of plant.Most of them exist in the plant by the form of glycosides or carbonyl glycosides combined with sugar,and some of them also exist in the free form.Plant flavonoids have a variety of pharmacological activities,such as anti-inflammatory,antioxidant and anti-tumor,etc;they have a better preventive and treatment effect on a variety of diseases,such as cardiovascular diseases,neurological diseases,liver diseases,kidney diseases,and so on.Because flavonoids have a lot of pharmacological and pharmacological effects,they have received much attention from researchers at home and abroad.Studies have shown that flavonoids can inhibit the secretion of cellular inflammatory factors,enhance the expression of anti-inflammatory factors and play an anti-inflammatory function;flavonoids can block the free radical chain reaction,reduce the production of free radicals to play an antioxidant role,but also activate and enhance the activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes,remove excessive free radicals in the body to alleviate the damage caused by oxidative stress on the cell;through multi-targets,multi-links,multi-channel,flavonoids can prevent and control renal diseases by inhibiting inflammation and regulating related signaling pathways.This paper summarizes the pharmacological mechanisms and clinical applications of flavonoids in traditional Chinese medicine in recent years,and provides a reference for their subsequent in-depth research,development and application.

关 键 词：中药 黄酮类化合物 药理药效 抗炎作用 抗氧化作用 抗肿瘤作用 

分 类 号：S853.74[农业科学—临床兽医学]