凝灰岩水理性及相应隧洞围岩失稳防治技术综述  

Review and prospect of hydro-physical characteristics of tuff and prevention and control technology of tuff tunnel engineering

作　　者：陈兴周[1] 张旭 李文新[2] 刘立鹏[3] CHEN Xingzhou;ZHANG Xu;LI Wenxin;LIU Lipeng(School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China;Xinjiang Water Conservancy and Hydropower Survey Design and Research Institute,Urumqi 830000,China;State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学建筑与土木工程学院,陕西西安710054 [2]新疆水利水电勘测设计研究院有限责任公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038

出　　处：《人民长江》2023年第11期145-151,共7页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51879284,52179121);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2021JLM-50)。

摘　　要：凝灰岩强度与变形属性受水的影响显著,研究掌握其水理特性对于评判由水的作用而导致的围岩失稳风险并提出针对性支护措施具有重要意义。通过收集整理与凝灰岩相关的研究成果,梳理了凝灰岩主要成分占比、细观结构和基本物理参数,总结了凝灰岩产生软化、膨胀与崩解等特性的原因,论述了凝灰岩地层隧洞工程灾害防治理念与措施。最后对后续凝灰岩研究重点及相应工程措施进行了展望。研究结果表明:(1)凝灰岩内部蒙脱石、伊利石、高岭石的含量,孔隙结构以及风化侵蚀程度的差异是导致凝灰岩水理特性复杂的主要因素;(2)物理及化学作用是造成凝灰岩膨胀的主要原因;易溶矿物水解、黏土矿物水化反应、离子交换作用会引起凝灰岩结构性丧失而崩解;(3)支护、加固以及阻隔水是防治凝灰岩地层围岩失稳的有效措施。The strength and deformation properties of tuff are significantly affected by water,and it is of great significance to studying and grasping its hydro-physical characteristics to evaluate the risk of instability of surrounding rock caused by the effect of water and propose targeted support measures.To this end,the research results related to tuff were collected and sorted,the proportion of main components of tuff,mesostructure and basic physical parameters were sorted out,the causes of the softening,expansion and disintegration of tuff were summarized,the concept and measures of disaster prevention and control of tunnel engineering of tuff strata were discussed.The results show that:①The hydro-physical characteristics of tuff are complex due to the differences in montmorillonite,illite and kaolinite content,pore structure and weathering erosion degree in tuff.②Physical and chemical effects are the main causes of tuff expansion,hydrolysis of soluble minerals,hydration reaction of clay minerals and ion exchange cause structural loss and disintegration of tuff.③Supporting,reinforcing and sealing water are effective measures for preventing and controlling the instability of surrounding rock in tuff strata.Finally,we propose the future research fields and corresponding engineering measures to be researched.

关 键 词：凝灰岩 水理特性 微观结构 凝灰岩隧洞 围岩失稳 

分 类 号：TV221[水利工程—水工结构工程]