超临界多元热流体发生及地下原位转化开采重质油理论与技术  

Theory and Technology of Multi-Component Supercritical Thermal Fluid Generation and In-Situ Conversion Technique for Heavy Crude Oil Resources Exploitation

作　　者：赵秋阳 金辉[1] 徐加陵 彭智勇 王晔春[1] 郭烈锦[1] ZHAO Qiuyang;JIN Hui;XU Jialing;PENG Zhiyong;WANG Yechun;GUO Liejin(State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2023年第11期31-45,共15页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委能源有序转化基础科学中心资助项目(51888103)。

摘　　要：稠油和低成熟页岩等重质油资源潜力巨大,但其低流动性和高干酪根含量导致难以高效开采,针对现有注蒸汽等方法存在采收率低、加热效率差和热流体成本高等问题,提出了以超临界水热化学转化为核心的重质油原位转化开采新思路,基于超临界水独有的高溶解性、高扩散性和高反应性,采用油田有机废液为原料通过超临界水气化与氢氧化原理生产超临界多元热流体,并将超临界多元热流体注入地层加热储层、同时原位转化稠油和干酪根生成轻质油气,通过超临界混相驱大幅提高采收率,从而实现了高效、清洁、低成本的热流体生成、储层加热转化与油气高效采出。研究结果表明,油田有机废液碳转化率超98%,稠油岩心驱替效率超97%,单井4轮次吞吐效率超75%,低成熟页岩有机质生烃制油气有机碳转化率达60%。该技术的突破可对变革传统重质油开发方式、保障我国油气能源安全提供参考。Heavy crude oil resources,including heavy oil and shale kerogen,have large reserves,but their exploitation is challenging due to their low mobility and low maturity.The commonly-used steam injection method exhibits low recovery rate,poor heat efficiency,and high cost.Therefore,it is critical to explore efficient,clean and low-cost methods for thermal fluid generation,reservoir heating,organic matter conversion and recovery to advance heavy crude oil development.To this end,a new technique for in-situ conversion and recovery of heavy crude oil using multi-component supercritical thermal fluid generation and injection.This method leverages the outstanding solubility,diffusivity,and reactivity of supercritical water.The process involves using organic waste in the oilfield to generate multi-component supercritical thermal fluid through supercritical water gasification and hydrogen oxidation.The fluid is then injected into the reservoir,where it converts heavy crude oil and kerogen into light oil and gas,forming miscible flooding for enhanced oil recovery.Laboratory research shows promising results,with carbon conversion of organic waste,core flooding rate and four-round soak rate of heavy crude oil,and hydrocarbon generation rate from kerogen reaching 98%,97%,75%,and 60%respectively.These results suggest that heavy crude oil resources can be effectively exploited using supercritical water and multi-component supercritical thermal fluid,which offer high efficiency,low pollution and low cost.This innovative technique is of great significance for ensuring oil and gas energy security in China.

关 键 词：重质油 超临界水 多元热流体 原位转化 采收率 

分 类 号：O359[理学—流体力学]