梁柱预埋孔机械切割异地爆破绿色拆除技术  

Green demolishing technology of beams or columns with embedded holes by mechanical cutting and off-site blasting

作　　者：叶建军 彭庆波 肖建庄[2] 蓝戊己 王建永 YE Jianjun;PENG Qingbo;XIAO Jianzhuang;LAN Wuji;WANG Jianyong(School of Civil Engineering,Architecture and Environment,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430068,Hubei,China;College of Civil Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Shanghai Tianyan Building Shift Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200336,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学土木建筑与环境学院,湖北武汉430068 [2]同济大学土木工程学院,上海200092 [3]上海天演建筑物移位工程股份有限公司,上海200336

出　　处：《建筑科学与工程学报》2023年第6期111-117,共7页Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering

基　　金：中韩国际合作项目(2022YFE0198300);湖北省安全生产专项资金科技项目(2022YJZX01)。

摘　　要：为适应城市复杂环境下绿色拆除的需要,在结合机械切割和爆破破碎优点的基础上,提出了钢筋混凝土梁或柱预埋孔机械切割异地爆破绿色拆除技术。该技术的主要特征是将钢筋混凝土梁柱体系拆除全过程分解成现场拆解和异地破碎两个环节,在钢筋混凝土梁或柱浇筑时就预埋布置切割穿绳孔和爆破轴向孔,拆除时在现场利用穿绳孔对梁柱分段机械切割,然后吊装作业并运输至偏僻场所,利用梁柱段中预埋孔进行爆破破碎。为验证新技术的先进性,以某基坑支撑梁拆除工程为例,将采用新技术拆除方案与已有可行拆除方案进行了对比。结果表明:钢筋的回收价值已覆盖拆除成本,采用新技术的方案比最接近的可行方案(绳锯切割+异地破碎锤破碎)单位体积拆除成本降低了11.8%;该技术实现了钢筋混凝土梁柱的免钻孔、低成本、低环境影响的绿色拆除,让城市拆除钢筋混凝土爆破免除安全评估、安全监理和安全检测的作业模式成为可能,提供了在破碎场地同时开展建筑固废物回收处理的新思路,具有极高的实际应用价值。In order to meet the needs of green demolition in complex urban environment,based on the advantages of mechanical cutting and blasting,a green demolition technology of beams or columns with embedded holes by mechanical cutting and off-site blasting was proposed.The main features of the technology are that the whole process of the demolition of reinforced concrete beam or column system was divided into two steps:on-site disintegrating and off-site crushing.During the pouring of reinforced concrete beams or columns,the cutting rope holes and blasting axial holes would be embedded.When it came to the demolition step,the beam and column were mechanically cut in sections by using the rope holes on site,and then hoisted and transported to a secluded crushing site,then the embedded holes in the beam or column sections were used for blasting and crushing.In order to highlight the advantages of the new technology,by taking a demolition project of a foundation pit support beam as an example,the new demolition technology was compared with the existing feasible demolition technologies.The results show that the recycled value of steel bars has covered the demolition cost,and the demolition cost of the new technology is 11.8%lower than that of the nearest feasible technology(rope saw cutting+remote crushing with hydraulic breaking hammer).This technology will enable realizing the green demolition of reinforced concrete beams and columns without drilling,lower cost and environmental impact,make it possible to avoid blasting safety assessment,safety supervision and safety inspection in the projects of blasting demolition of reinforced concrete beams or columns in urban environment,and provide a new idea to carry out the recycling and treatment of construction solid waste at the same time in the crushing site,which has high practical application value.

关 键 词：钢筋混凝土梁柱 预埋孔 机械切割 异地爆破 绿色拆除 

分 类 号：TU751.9[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]