基于时空立方体的蒙古高原草原火高频区时空演变特征  

Spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of high-frequency grassland fire area in Mongolian Plateau based on a space-time cube

作　　者：昙娜 阿拉腾图娅[1] 包玉龙[1] 高彦哲 敖日格乐 Tanna;Alatengtuya;BAO Yulong;GAO Yanzhe;Aorigele(College of Geographical Science,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《草业科学》2023年第11期2763-2774,共12页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：内蒙古自然基金项目(2019MS04011);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2021ZD004503);内蒙古自治区哲学社会科学规划项目(2022NDA225);内蒙古自然科学基金面上项目(2021MS04016);内蒙古自治区重点研发与成果转化计划项目(2022YFSH0070)。

摘　　要：蒙古高原东部草原火频繁发生,波及面广,对畜牧业发展威胁很大。本研究以蒙古高原草原火高频区2001-2020年的MCD64A1遥感火烧迹地数据为基础,利用时空立方体模型挖掘草原火的时空演变模式。结果表明:整体上,草原火从西南向东北逐渐增多,以国境线为界的火发生面积差异明显,主要分布在蒙古国境内,并存在明显的年际变化,每隔3~4年出现一次草原火发生的高峰。草原火高频集聚立方体的空间和时间自相关关系比较复杂,火事件的规律性差,不具有连续性,对防火防灾带来困难。草原火发生频率显著高或低的个别点主要分布在人口聚集的镇所在地;呼伦贝尔市东部、西部国境线附近,肯特省北部,东方省西南角、东北部、东南部以及与新巴尔虎左旗交界处草原火虽不连续发生,但近期发生频率较高,需要高度警惕。利用时空立方体挖掘蒙古高原草原火高频区时空演变模式,可为准确、快速识别草原火多发点位及其时空演变特性,网格化管理草原火,管护员巡查调度、草原火预测、降低火灾发生频率等提供辅助决策。Grassland fires in the eastern part of the Mongolia Plateau occur frequently and spread widely.Therefore,they pose a great threat to the development of animal husbandry.In this study,based on MCD64A1 remote sensing data for burned areas in the high-frequency grassland fire area of Mongolian Plateau from 2001 to 2020,a spatio-temporal evolution model of grassland fires was mined using the space-time cube model.The results showed that,on the whole,grassland fires gradually increased from southwest to northeast,and the area of fire occurrence,based on the border line as the boundary,was obviously different.The fires were mainly distributed in Mongolia,with obvious interannual variation,and the grassland fires peaked every 3~4 years.The spatial and temporal autocorrelation of the high-frequency grassland fire aggregation cube was complex,and the regularity of fire event was poor.This causes difficulties in fire prevention and disaster prevention.Individual points with obviously high or low frequencies of grassland fires were mainly distributed in densely populated towns.Grassland fires in the eastern and western borders of Hulun Buir City,the northern region of Kent Province,the southwest corner,the northeast and southeast regions of Oriental Province,and the junction with Xin Barag Left Banner were discontinuous.However,the frequency of occurrence was relatively high recently,and thus,we need to be on high alert.Using a space-time cube to mine the spatiotemporal evolution pattern of grassland fires in high-frequency areas of Mongolian Plateau can provide an auxiliary decision aid for accurately and quickly identifying the frequent locations and spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of grassland fires,and enable grid management of grassland fires,patrol and dispatch for managers,the prediction of grassland fires,and a reduction in fire frequency.

关 键 词：草原火 时空立方体 局部异常值分析 时空热点分析 网格化管理 时空演变模式 蒙古高原 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]