敦煌舞谱舞容“皇”“打”“拽”“招”新考  

New Examination of the Dancing Styles “皇” (Huang),“打” (Da),“拽” (Zhuai) and “招” (Zhao) in Dunhuang Dance Manuals

作　　者：林素坊 李小荣[2] LIN Sufang;LI Xiaorong(Chinese Research and Training Department,Fujian Institute of Education,Fuzhou 350001,China;College of Chinese Language and Literature,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350001,China)

机构地区：[1]福建教育学院语文研修部,福建福州350001 [2]福建师范大学文学院,福建福州350001

出　　处：《中北大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第6期50-56,共7页Journal of North University of China：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目:敦煌佛教文学艺术思想综合研究(多卷本)(19ZDA254)。

摘　　要：敦煌舞谱舞容十数种,但学界对舞谱BD.10691和日本杏雨书屋藏羽49的关注相对较少。现通过图文互证和文献考证相结合的方法针对此二谱的“皇”“打”“拽”“招”四谱字展开分析,具体讨论其舞容含义与具体行仪:舞容“皇”为行令人身披羽衣,舞容含义为劝酒献物,具体行仪特征是重心移至一脚,另一脚斜方戳地,微出胯,吸气双手平托上举。“打”作“打量”义,舞容含义为行令双方相互观察,具体行仪为观手势而点头摇头,或是观察对方样貌衣着特征,伺机寻找嘲谑之处。“拽”的舞容含义为强烈邀请,行令人或拉、或拖以劝酒,具体行仪为行令人侧身,以旁腰带动身体,后手拖、拉宾客以送酒。“招”和“拽”相近,舞容含义都有“邀请”之义,区别是在具体舞容行仪上,“招”的身势以内转式为主,结合转初、转半、转周等八势,手势则为招袖,或招手。Dunhuang dance manuals contain several dancing styles,but there has been relatively less attention from the academic community on the dance manuals BD.10691 and the feather fan dance No.49 from the Kyou Shoku collection in Japan.This article uses the mutual verification of text and images and literature review to analyse the four characters “皇”(huang),“打”(da),“拽”(zhuai) and “招”(zhao) found in these two manuals.“皇”(huang) means that a person wears feathered attire to offer drinks or tribute,and the person shifts his or her weight to one foot while put another foot on the floor diagonally.Meanwhile,the person slightly opens the crotch,inhales,and holds both hands flatly overhead.“打”(da) means the mutual observation of two persons,and these two persons observe each other's appearance and clothing to look for opportunities for jesting.“拽”(zhuai) means a strong invitation,through which a person either pulls or drags other people to encourage them to drink.The behavioural features of “拽”(zhuai) involve that a person turns sideways,sways his or her hips,and pull or drag guests to offer a drink.“招”(zhao) is similar to “拽”(zhuai) in the meaning of invitation,but the difference lies in the dance movement of “招”(zhao) which involves internal rotations and combines eight gestures such as “转初”(zhuan chu),“转半”(zhuan ban) and “转周”(zhuan zhou),and the hand gesture is waving a sleeve or hand.

关 键 词：敦煌舞谱 舞容 皇 打 拽 招 

分 类 号：J722.4[艺术—舞蹈]