产业扶贫政策对易地搬迁农牧户贫困脆弱性的影响及差异性分析  

Analysis of the Influence and Heterogeneity of Industrial Poverty Alleviation Policies on the Poverty Vulnerability of Relocated Farmer and Herder Households

作　　者：苗静 史俊宏 夏雨甜 Miao Jing;Shi Junhong;Xia Yutian(Finance College,Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010070;Economics College,Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010070)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古财经大学金融学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010070 [2]内蒙古财经大学经济学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010070

出　　处：《财经理论研究》2023年第6期12-23,共12页Journal of Finance and Economics Theory

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(19BJY164);国家社科基金项目(19XMZ0850);内蒙古自治区高等学校创新团队发展计划支持(NMGIRT2201)。

摘　　要：关注产业扶贫政策对易地搬迁农牧户贫困脆弱性的影响,对于防止农牧户规模返贫意义重大。本文基于内蒙古3个深度农牧贫困旗(县)557户微观调研数据,采用VEP方法,运用OLS模型及倾向得分匹配法测算产业扶贫政策对易地搬迁农牧户贫困脆弱性的影响及其差异展开分析。结果表明:在国内贫困标准线下,易地搬迁农牧户无贫困脆弱性,而在国际贫困标准线下,则呈现出较低贫困脆弱性。产业扶贫政策可以显著降低易地搬迁户的贫困脆弱性。“授慧”式产业扶贫缓解贫困脆弱性效应均显著高于“授资”模式,且在不同年龄组中存在显著差异。因此,易地扶贫搬迁后续产业的大力扶持是守住不发生规模性返贫底线的关键。建议建立健康、失业和大额生活开支风险动态监测与防范机制,联动乡村振兴机制,构建就业量较大且适合安置区的产业体系,创新易地搬迁乡村产业发展模式。Focusing on the effect of industrial poverty alleviation policies[policies of poverty alleviation through business development]on the poverty vulnerability of relocated farmer and herder households is of great significance for preventing them returning to poverty in large scale.Based on micro survey data of 557 farmer and herder households from 3 severely impoverished counties(banners)in Inner Mongolia,this paper adopts the VEP method and uses OLS models and propensity score matching method to analyze the effect and its differences of industrial poverty alleviation policies on the poverty vulnerability of relocated farmer and herder households.The results show that:Under the domestic poverty standard,there is no poverty vulnerability for the relocated farmer and herder households,while under the international poverty standard,there is low poverty vulnerability.The industrial poverty alleviation policy can significantly reduce the poverty vulnerability of resettlement households.The effect of“skill teaching”method on alleviating poverty vulnerability is prominently higher than that of“fund granting”one,and there are different outcomes among different age groups.Therefore,strong support from the follow-up industries after poverty alleviation relocation is the key to keep the bottom line of preventing large-scale poverty-returning.It is suggested to establish a dynamic monitoring and preventive mechanism for health,unemployment and large living expenses risks,build an industrial system with a large amount of employment positions and suitable for resettlement areas combining with rural revitalization system,and innovate the development model of rural industries for poverty alleviation relocation.

关 键 词：易地搬迁 产业扶贫政策 贫困脆弱性 PSM 

分 类 号：F126[经济管理—世界经济]