外源CO_(2)诱导土沉香树体结香效应及生理响应  

Agarwood Formation and Physiological Response of Aquilaria sinensis Induced by Exogenous Carbon Dioxide

作　　者：刘高峰 周再知[1] 赵威威[1] 张青青 黄桂华 Liu Gaofeng;Zhou Zaizhi;Zhao Weiwei;Zhang Qingqing;Huang Guihua(Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520;Heze University,Heze 274015)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广州510520 [2]菏泽学院,菏泽274015

出　　处：《林业科学》2023年第11期95-102,共8页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：广东省林业科技创新项目(2017KJCX001)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究土沉香树干填充CO_(2)诱导结香过程与抗逆防御反应,阐明外源CO_(2)诱导下树体结香效应及生理防御机制。【方法】以11年生土沉香为试验材料,采用随机区组设计,设置4个处理,即每隔7天(T1)和15天(T2)充气1次、树干打孔(CK1)和不作任何处理(CK2),持续处理3个月。充气开始后第30、60、90、120、150天钻取木芯,测定过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。处理结束后7和10个月取样观察木质部细胞内含物变化,测定结香范围及醇溶性提取物和沉香四醇含量。【结果】1)土沉香树干填充CO_(2)可加速木质部射线薄壁细胞和导管内淀粉的转化,侵填体随诱导时间增长而增多;T1处理结束后10个月时,射线薄壁细胞和导管被完全堵塞;2)与CK1和CK2相比,CO_(2)处理下木质部变色范围增大,其中T1处理变色范围最大,纵向变色长度26.45 cm、横向变色宽度4.17 cm、径向变色深度9.87 cm;3)随诱导时间增长,T1和T2处理结香区的醇溶性提取物和沉香四醇含量逐渐升高,且均显著高于CK1和CK2;4)T1处理第60天POD、CAT活性达到峰值后缓慢下降,但第150天POD活性仍高于CK2,CAT活性与CK2无显著差异;第90天SOD活性下降,而后缓慢上升;MDA含量先下降后升高,第90天达到最低值,且明显低于CK2;第150天时,SOD活性、MDA含量与CK2无显著差异。【结论】1)外源CO_(2)可显著促进木质部射线薄壁细胞内淀粉的转化,增大导管和射线薄壁细胞内侵填体堵塞面积;2)外源CO_(2)可诱导土沉香木质部变色,随诱导时间增长,树干木质部纵向、横向和径向变色长度增长,纵向变色面积增加;3)外源CO_(2)可诱导土沉香形成沉香块且质地细腻,最优处理10个月时的醇溶性提取物含量达21.27%,沉香四醇含量达0.29%,分别是CK1的1.42和2.11倍;4)外源CO_(2)可在短期内诱导POD、CAT抗氧化酶活性升高,降低MDA含量,激活�【Objective】The study explored agarwood formation process of Aquilaria sinensis and physiological reaction by trunk-filling high-pressure carbon dioxide gas,with the aim to find available solution to induce agarwood formation by carbon dioxide and to understand the physiological mechanisms.【Method】A randomized block design was used to deal with elevenyear-old trees.The inflating CO_(2) was conducted at every 7 days(T1)and 15 days(T2)interval for three months.POD(peroxidase),SOD(superoxide dismutase)and CAT(catalase)activity and MDA(malonaldehyde)content were detected on the 30th,60th,90th,120th,150th day after first inflating.The content of alcohol soluble extraction and agarotetrol,and the discoloration range of stem wood were determined in seven months and ten months after treatment.【Result】1)It was found that the stem-inflated CO_(2) could speed up the transformation of starch granules in ray parenchyma cells and vessels.With the increase of induction time,the tylosis accumulated could completely blocked the ray cells and vessels in 10 months after T1 treatment.2)Compared to CK1 and CK2,the discoloration ranges of stem xylem with CO_(2) treatments was more longer.T1 treatment produced the maximal discoloration ranges of the longitudinal length of 26.45 cm,the horizontal width of 4.17 cm,and the radial length of 9.87 cm.3)The content of alcohol soluble extraction and agarotetrol gradually increased with T1 and T2 treatments,which were significantly higher than that of CK1 and CK2.4)After 60 days under the T1 treatment,POD and CAT activity reached the peak value and then decreased slowly.However,POD activity was still higher than that of CK2.while the CAT activity had no significant difference with CK2 on the 150th days.SOD activity decreased in the first 90 days and then slowly increased.The content of MDA decreased firstly and dropped to the lowest value that dramatically lower than CK2 on the 90th day.On the 150th days,SOD activity and the content of MDA of T1 had no obvious difference compared wit

关 键 词：土沉香 CO_(2) 树干填充 结香 醇溶性提取物 

分 类 号：S785[农业科学—林学]