改革开放以来典型临港新城空间发展特征分析  

Spatial Development Characteristics of Typical Port-Neighboring New Cities in China since the Reform and Opening Up

作　　者：程林[1,2] 刘西汉 田海兰 高翔[1,2] 武爱彬 王艳霞 CHENG Lin;LIU Xihan;TIAN Hailan;GAO Xiang;WU Aibin;WANG Yanxia(Institute of Geographical Sciences,Hebei Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050011;Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Geographic Information Application,Shijiazhuang 050011;Hebei Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050052,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省科学院地理科学研究所,河北石家庄050011 [2]河北省地理信息开发应用技术创新中心,河北石家庄050011 [3]河北省科学院,河北石家庄050052

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2023年第6期98-105,共8页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：河北省社会科学发展研究课题(20210201087);河北省“三三三”人才工程资助项目(A202101047);河北省科学院两院合作项目(21112)。

摘　　要：该文以17个已形成“港—产—城”空间结构的临港新城为研究对象,系统分析改革开放以来临港新城的空间扩张特征、空间结构特征、存在的主要问题及空间发展的影响因素,并提出空间优化建议。结果显示:①改革开放以来临港新城空间扩张呈现集聚—分散—集聚趋势,其中1980年代组及1990年代组临港新城以边缘式扩张为主且空间紧凑度较高,21世纪初组临港新城以飞地式扩张为主,空间快速扩张但发展相对分散;②1980年代组临港新城已形成稳定的“港—产—城”空间结构(20%∶45%∶35%)且与中心城区空间联系不断增强,1990年代组临港新城工业用地占比升高且靠近中心城市发展趋势减弱,21世纪初组临港新城工业用地占比过高(65%以上)、城市用地占比过小,新城与中心城市空间关联度极低;③临港新城的空间扩张和空间结构特征受港口发展水平、新城与中心城市空间距离、建港时长、新城人口增量等多因素影响。最后对不同年代建设的临港新城提出发展建议。Since the reform and opening up,a number of port-neighboring new cities have been built in various regions of China for economic development of coast regions.In order to reflect the overall characteristics of the spatial development of port-neighboring new cities nationwide,17 typical port-neighboring new cities with a spatial structure of"port-industry-city"were selected as the research object,and the spatial expansion characteristics,the spatial structure characteristics,the main problems,the influencing factors of spatial development were analyzed.The results are shown as follows.①The spatial expansion of port-neighboring new cities showed a development pattern of agglomeration-dispersion-agglomeration with time variation.The port-neighboring new cities built in 1980s and 1990s were dominated by marginal expansion and their space was relatively compact.While,those built in the 21st century were mainly based on enclave-style expansion,with rapid spatial expansion but relatively scattered development.②The port-neighboring new cities built in 1980s gradually formed a stable spatial structure of"port-industry-city"(20%∶45%∶35%),and the spatial connection with the central urban area was continuously strengthened.For the port-neighboring new cities built in 1990s,the proportion of industrial land increased,and the port-neighboring new cities had a diminished tendency to grow closer to central cities.The port-neighboring new cities built in the 21st century had a relatively high proportion(over 65%)of industrial land and a relatively low proportion of urban land,the spatial correlation between the port-neighboring new city and the central city is very low.③The differences in spatial expansion and spatial structure of the port-neighboring new cities were affected by the development of ports,spatial distance with the central urban area,port construction time,population increment,etc.Finally,the suggestions are put forward to the development of the port-neighboring new cities built in different ages.

关 键 词：临港新城 改革开放 空间扩张 空间结构 影响因素 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]