基于三维精细化数值模型的地下油库水封安全评价  

Assessment of the water-sealed safety of underground crude oil storage based on a three-dimensional refined numerical model

作　　者：荆少东[1,2] 许国辉[1] 吴尚彬[3] 刘晓忠 李志华[2] 刘乾灵[3] 刘康能 张彬 Jing Shaodong;Xu Guohui;Wu Shangbin;Liu Xiaozhong;Li Zhihua;Liu Qianling;Liu Kangneng;Zhang Bin(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qindao Shandong 266100,China;SINOPEC Petroleum Engineering Design Corporation,Dongying Shandong 257100,China;School of Engineering and Technology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中石化石油工程设计有限公司,山东东营257100 [3]中国地质大学(北京)工程技术学院,北京100083

出　　处：《地质科技通报》2023年第6期1-11,共11页Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41972300,40902086,42107201);中石化石油工程建设有限公司科研课题(SJ20-2T01)。

摘　　要：地下水封油库利用“隙存水封”原理实现原油大规模地下储存,水封安全性是决定地下油库安全经济运行的重要前提。为评价某地下水封油库的水封安全性,基于精细化工程地质勘察,获取了洞库围岩、库区内断层带、节理裂隙密集带、破碎带的渗透系数,综合分析了库址区范围内的渗透系数空间变化规律;并结合多源高精度勘察信息构建了三维精细化渗流数值模拟模型,在对比分析三维精细化模型与均匀介质模型的优劣后,通过数值模拟,对比分析了有、无水幕条件下洞库的水封可靠性,并预测了洞库施工和运营期的涌水量。结果表明:三维精细化数值模型可以精确地反映地质构造对地下水位及水压力的影响,使得分析结果更加符合实际情况;水幕系统可以有效提高洞库水封安全性,具体表现为,在无水幕条件下进行洞室开挖时,地下水位明显下降,部分洞室上方出现疏干区,而在有水幕条件下进行洞室开挖时,地下水位下降不明显,洞室上方具有较厚的含水层,其厚度足以保证洞室水封安全性;同时,洞室涌水量在可控范围内。本研究提出的地下油库水封安全评价方法对类似工程具有借鉴意义。The principle of a"gap storage water seal"is used to realize large-scale underground storage of crude oil,in which water-sealed safety is an important prerequisite for the safe and economical operation of underground oil storage.To evaluate the water-sealed safety of underground oil storage,based on a refined engineering geological survey,the permeability coefficients of cavern surrounding rock,fault zones,dense joint fracture zones,and broken zones are obtained accurately,and the spatial variation of the permeability coefficient within the reservoir area is comprehensively analysed.Combined with multi-source high-precision survey information,a three-dimensional refined seepage numerical simulation model is constructed.After comparing and analysing both advantages and disadvantages of the three-dimensional refined model and corresponding homogeneous medium model,a numerical simulation is carried out to compare and analyse the reliability of cave storage with or without a water seal,and the water inflow of cavern during construction and operation is also predicted.Results show that the three-dimensional refined model can accurately reflect the influence of geological structures on the groundwater level and water pressure,making analysis more in line with the real situation.The water curtain system can effectively improve the water-sealed safety of underground oil storage.Specifically,when the cavern is excavated without water curtain,the groundwater level drops significantly,and drainage area exists above some caverns.When the cavern is excavated under water curtain,the groundwater level does not drop significantly,and thick aquifer exists above the cavern,ensuring the water-sealed safety of underground oil storage;at the same time,the water inflow of cavern is under control.Assessment of the water-sealed safety of underground crude oil storage provided in this article can be used as a reference for other similar projects.

关 键 词：地下水封油库 水封安全评价 三维精细化模型 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TE972.2[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]