大范围地质体分块建模方法  

Large-range geological block modeling method

作　　者：花卫华[1] 宿紫莹 朱玉华 段剑超 张文[1] 庞世龙 肖海清 刘修国[1] Hua Weihua;Su Ziying;Zhu Yuhua;Duan Jianchao;Zhang Wen;Pang Shilong;Xiao Haiqing;Liu Xiuguo(School of Geography and Information Engineering,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430078,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)地理信息与工程学院,武汉430078

出　　处：《地质科技通报》2023年第6期257-265,共9页Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0605102);国家自然科学基金项目(41972307);湖北省自然资源科技项目(ZRZY2023KJ01)。

摘　　要：三维地质建模是一种通过计算机技术将多源地质数据转化为三维地质模型的技术,它揭示着地下各类地质体之间的空间分布关系,可以帮助地质工作者更直观地理解地下地质结构,并为资源勘探、灾害预测和工程建设等工作提供一定支持,然而复杂的地质环境、有效地质数据的稀缺、巨大的计算量等因素使得大范围地质体的构建成为了三维地质建模发展过程中亟待解决的问题之一。针对该问题,提出了一种大范围地质体分块建模方法,该方法基于模型包围盒的水平分布范围将大型建模区域平均划分成若干个相对小型的区块分别进行建模,引入虚拟钻孔和地层分区自动追踪算法实现了对区块模型顶底部及中间地层分块边界的一致性约束,同时,在对每个区块进行建模时,对其建模数据范围进行一定扩充以确保合并后的区块间地层在分块边界处能够实现平滑过渡。研究结果表明各区块模型能合并成为一个地层衔接连贯、顺滑的完整地质模型,进而实现大范围地质体建模。以厦门马銮湾新城区的浅层地下模型为例,构建了厦门马銮湾新城区三维地质模型,并对该方法的建模效果进行了检验。对该模型剖切得到的地质剖面与真实钻孔进行了对比,并从建模效率、地层衔接的连贯性和顺滑性等方面进行了分析,证实了该方法的可行性。3D geological modelling is a kind of technology that converts multisource geological data into 3D geological models through computer.It reveals the spatial distribution relationship between various underground geological bodies,which helps geologists understand underground geological structures more intuitively,providing certain support for resource exploration,disaster prediction,engineering construction.However,complex geological environment,scarcity of effective geological data,large amount of calculation and other factors make the construction of large-scale complex geological bodies become an urgent problem to be solved in the development of 3D geological modelling.To address these issue,this paper proposes a large range of complex geological body block modelling methods.Based on the model horizontal distribution scope of bounding box,large range of research area will be divided into several relatively smaller ones to perform modelling.At the same time,virtual borehole and stratum partition automatic tracking algorithm will be introduced for the block model at the bottom,top and middle part for the consistency of boundary constraints.At the same time,when modelling each block,the range of modelling data is extended to ensure that the strata between merged blocks can achieve smooth transition at the boundary of block.Each block of model is combined into a complete one with coherent and smooth stara so that a large range of complex three-dimensional geological body modelling can be realized.Taking the shallow underground model of the Xiamen Maluan Bay New urban area as an example,this paper constructed corresponding geological model to test the modelling effect.The model is dissected and compared with the real borehole.The feasibility of proposed method is verified in terms of modelling efficiency,continuity and smoothness of strata connection.

关 键 词：分块建模 三维地质模型 虚拟钻孔 地层分区 标准地层 

分 类 号：P628[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]