《民法典》优良家风条款规范效力实现路径研究  

The Approaches to Realizing Normative Effects of the Provisions on Good Family Values in the Civil Code

作　　者：董新新 Dong Xinxin(Guizhou Police College,Guiyang 550005,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州警察学院,贵州贵阳550005

出　　处：《贵州警察学院学报》2023年第5期49-56,共8页Journal of Guizhou Police College

基　　金：中国法学会后期资助项目(CLS2018HQZZ48);云南省哲学社会科学规划青年项目(QN202118)。

摘　　要：《民法典》优良家风条款的规范功能不应局限于道德劝喻的法律化,应重点关注家风条款入典的法功能预期,体系化构建《民法典》相关条款适用逻辑。当下司法实践存在经验性架构监护人责任与“失管失教”因果关系、形式化认定家庭暴力构成要件等裁判惯性,新增制度规范适用界限模糊、新型家庭纠纷制度供给不足等现实问题。就具体制度适用而言,应类型化探索优良家风条款规范性质转化机制,考察监护职责、扶助、赡养等法定义务履行程度,细化类案裁判路径;转介公序良俗原则,理性判断夫妻忠诚协议、离婚财产分割协议、生育协议等身份关系法律行为之效力;协调冠姓权、生育权、隔代探望权等新型家庭纠纷,树立优良家风法治理念;合理分配家庭暴力证明责任,明晰离婚冷静期等新增制度适用界限,以期实现新时代“优良家风”于法治国家的价值融入与司法适用。The normative function of the provisions on good family values in the Civil Code should not be limited to the legalization of moral exhortation.The main focus should be on the anticipated legal functions of such provisions incorporated into the Civil Code and the necessity to systematically construct the application logic of relevant provisions in the Civil Code.At present,there are many practical problems in judicial practice,such as experientially framing the causal relationship between guardians'responsibility and"loss of control and discipline",formalizing identification of constitutive elements of domestic violence and other judicial inertias,blurred boundary of the application of new regulations,and the insufficient supply of new systems governing family disputes.In terms of the application of specific systems,the following approaches are proposed in this study:to explore the transformation mechanism of the normative nature of the provisions on good family values,investigate the degree of fulfilling the duties such as the guardianship,help or support to family members,and to refine the approaches to adjudicating similar cases;to introduce the principle of public order and good customs,rationally judge the validity of agreements on marital loyalty,divorce property division,child-bearing and other personal relationships;to reconcile new types of disputes over the rights in regard to giving surname to a child,child-bearing,grandparents'visitation to grandchildren,etc.,establish the rule-of-law concept of good family values;to reasonably distribute proof responsibility for domestic violence,clarify application boundaries for new systems like divorce cooling-off period,so as to achieve the integration of"good family values"with the rule-of-law value in the new era and judicial application.

关 键 词：优良家风 法律效力 公序良俗 转介机制 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]