基于刺突蛋白(S)和核衣壳蛋白(N)的冠状病毒进化关系分析  

Evolutionary Relationship Analysis of Coronaviruses Based on S and N Proteins

作　　者：任青燕 陆子鑫 涂盈颖 韦力[1] 乔芬 REN Qingyan;LU Zixin;TU Yingying;WEI Li;QIAO Fen(School of Ecology,Lishui University,Lishui 323000,Zhejiang)

机构地区：[1]丽水学院生态学院,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《丽水学院学报》2023年第5期35-44,共10页Journal of Lishui University

基　　金：丽水市重点研发计划项目“百山祖国家公园翼手目动物多样性及其携带病毒检测”(2021ZDYF05);国家自然科学基金资助项目“小麦孢囊线虫新效应因子Ha-63744功能与互作机制研究”(31901860)。

摘　　要：冠状病毒在系统分类上属冠状病毒科(Coronaviridae)冠状病毒属(Coronavirus),是一种具有球形颗粒和包膜结构的单链RNA病毒。从2003年在中国暴发的重症急性呼吸综合征(SARSCoV),到2012年在沙特出现的中东呼吸综合征(MERS-CoV),再到2019年开始报道的新型冠状病毒感染(2019-nCoV),21世纪冠状病毒已经3次严重危害到人类的健康。对冠状病毒的序列特征与进化关系进行分析对病毒的起源与防控具有重要意义。本研究从GenBank数据库中筛选到30条冠状病毒刺突蛋白(S)、核衣壳蛋白(N)的蛋白序列,用邻接法构建进化树,分析冠状病毒进化关系,并对蛋白保守基序进行了分析。结果显示:2019-nCoV与从云南省的中菊头蝠中检测到的冠状病毒分离株RaTG13进化关系最近,并且与SARS-CoV具有较近的亲缘关系,与其他哺乳类和禽类动物感染的冠状病毒遗传进化关系较远。同时发现,相比S蛋白,N蛋白更适合用于构建冠状病毒进化树。保守基序分析表明:N蛋白中,选择的30个蛋白中有9个只含有2个保守元件,21个成员含有3个保守元件,保守元件在蛋白中的分布相对均匀;S蛋白中,选择的30个蛋白均含有3个保守元件,且集中在C端。本研究结果将为冠状病毒的进化关系及防治措施提供一定的理论依据。Coronavirus is a single stranded RNA virus with spherical particles and envelope structure,which belongs to coronaviridae and coronavirus in systematic classification.Coronavirus has seriously endangered human health three times in the 21st century:From the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS-CoV)in China in 2003 to the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome(MERS-CoV)in Saudi Arabia in 2012,and the novel coronavirus infection(2019-nCoV)reported in 2019.Therefore,the analysis of sequence characteristics and evolutionary relationship of coronavirus is of great significance for the origin,prevention and control of the virus.In this study,we screened 30 sequences of coronavirus S and N proteins from the GenBank database and constructed the evolutionary tree,using the Neighbor-Joining method.We analyzed the evolutionary relationship of the coronavirus and conservative motifs of protein.The results showed that 2019-nCoV had the closest evolutionary relationship with the coronavirus strain RaTG13 that was detected from Chinese horseshoe bat(Rhinolophus affinis)sampled in Yunnan Province and had a close genetic relationship with SARS-CoV.It had a relatively distant genetic relationship with the coronavirus infected by other mammals and birds.It was also found that N protein was more suitable for constructing the evolutionary tree of coronavirus than S protein.The analysis of conservative motifs showed that 9 of the 30 selected N proteins contained only 2 conservative elements,and 21 members contained 3 conservative elements.The distribution of conservative elements in proteins was relatively uniform.In the S protein,all the 30 selected proteins contained 3 conservative elements and they were concentrated at the C terminal.The results of this study will provide theoretical basis for the evolutionary relationship and prevention measures of coronavirus.

关 键 词：冠状病毒 进化关系 S蛋白 N蛋白 新型冠状病毒感染 

分 类 号：Q959.6[生物学—动物学]