不同肥料配比对烤烟农艺性状及灰巴蜗牛发生的影响  

Effects of Combined Application of Different Fertilizers on Agronomic Traits of Flue-cured Tobacco and Occurrence of Bradybaena ravida

作　　者：杜润润 胡文广 方志平 和江龙 和强 李学卫 徐云[2] 卢云峰 DU Run-run;HU Wen-guang;FANG Zhi-ping(Yunnan Tobacco Company Lijiang Company,Lijiang,Yunnan 674100)

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司丽江市公司,云南丽江674100 [2]云南省农业科学院农业资源研究所,云南昆明650201 [3]云南农业大学热带作物学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第23期120-124,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省烟草科技计划项目(2020530000-241019)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究氮肥、磷肥、钾肥及生物炭肥不同用量配比对云烟87烤烟农艺性状及灰巴蜗牛(Bradybaena ravida)发生的影响,探索最佳施肥比。[方法]在丽江市玉龙县巨甸镇武侯村开展氮肥、磷肥、钾肥及生物炭肥4个因素,每个因素5个水平的4因素5水平2次正交通用组合设计田间试验。[结果]株高、最大叶宽与氮磷钾及生物炭肥都有关系,单独的单性肥料对株高都没有好的效应,只有各种肥料相互配合使用才有好的效应;叶片数与氮肥的效应最强;茎围与钾肥的效应最好,节距与肥料的关系不大,可能与品种的遗传特性有关;最大叶长与钾肥的关系最大,与氮磷钾配合应用效果较好。灰巴蜗牛的发生危害程度与氮磷肥及生物炭肥有关,其中与氮肥的关系最大。[结论]通过优化筛选,有利于烟株农艺性状指标及控制灰巴蜗牛发生危害程度的最佳优化施肥方案是氮肥105~108 kg/hm^(2),磷肥84.0~88.5 kg/hm^(2),钾肥144~147 kg/hm^(2),生物炭肥48~49 g/株。[Objective]To investigate the effects of different proportions of nitrogen,phosphate,potassium and biochar fertilizers on agronomic traits and occurrence of Bradybaena ravida Benson in Yunyan 87,and to explore the best fertilization proportion.[Method]Four factors of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and biochar fertilizers were carried out in Wuhou Village,Judian Town,Yulong County,Lijiang City.The field experiment was designed by quadratic orthogonal universal combination design with four factors in five levels for each factor.[Result]Plant height and maximum leaf width were related to N,P,K and biochar fertilizer,and sigle fertilizer did not good at plant height,only the combination of various fertilizers had a positive effects.The correlation of leaf number and nitrogen fertilizer was the strongest;the correlation of stalk circumference and potassium fertilizer was the best,but the pitch had nothing to do with fertilizer,which may be related to the genetic characteristics of varieties.The maximum leaf length had the greatest relationship with potassium fertilizer,and the application effect was better when combined with nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.The occurrence and harm degree of snail was related to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer and biochar fertilizer,which nitrogen fertilizer had the greatest relationship.[Conclusion]Through optimization and screening,the best fertilization scheme that can meet the agronomic traits of tobacco plants and control the harm degree of snails was as follows:105-108 kg/hm^(2) of nitrogen fertilizer,84.0-88.5 kg/hm^(2) of phosphorus fertilizer,144-147 kg/hm^(2) of potassium fertilizer and 48-49 g of biochar fertilizer per plant.

关 键 词：云烟87 肥料配比 农艺性状 灰巴蜗牛 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]