深州蜜桃果实腐烂病病原菌鉴定及拮抗菌株的筛选  

Identification of pathogen causing fruit rot on Shenzhou honey peach and screening for its antagonistic strains

作　　者：刘君盈 孙新康 崔钟池 王海燕[1] LIU Junying;SUN Xinkang;CUI Zhongchi;WANG Haiyan(College of Plant Protection,Hebei Agricultural University/Biological Control Technological Innovation Center of Plant Diseases and Plant Pests of Hebei Province,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学植物保护学院/河北省农作物病虫害生物防治技术创新中心,河北保定071000

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2023年第6期40-45,65,共7页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(20326506D)。

摘　　要：为了明确引起深州蜜桃果实腐烂的病原菌种类,从而进行针对性的综合防治,本研究采用组织分离法从发病的蜜桃样本中分离获得2种不同的病原真菌,共计6株,分别命名为H-1、H-2、H-3和T-1、T-2、T-3。根据柯赫氏法则回接验证6株菌株,致病症状与田间发病症状一致,表明6株菌株均为深州蜜桃果实腐烂病致病病原菌。进一步通过病原菌形态观察与多基因系统发育分析,明确引起深州蜜桃果实腐烂的病原菌为2种类型:病原菌H-1、H-2、H-3为美澳型核果链核盘菌(Monilinia fructicola),引起桃果实褐腐病;病原菌T-1、T-2、T-3为暹罗炭疽菌(Colletotrichum simamense),引起桃炭疽病。为了获得对深州蜜桃褐腐病和炭疽病病原菌具有抑菌效果的生防菌株,利用平板对峙实验筛选对2种病原菌具有良好抑制效果的拮抗菌株。结果发现,解淀粉芽孢杆菌JK-21对H-1、H-2、H-3和T-1、T-2、T-3的抑菌率分别为75.1%和70%;贝莱斯芽孢杆菌JK-47对H-1、H-2、H-3和T-1、T-2、T-3抑菌率分别为77.8%和59.7%。本研究为蜜桃果实腐烂病的识别与生物防治提供了科学依据。It is necessary to identify the pathogen causing Shenzhou honey peach fruit rot and propose targeted comprehensive prevention and control method.In this study,two kind of pathogenic fungi named H-1/H-2/H-3 and T-1/T-2/T-3 were isolated from diseased peach samples by tissue separation method.Pathogenic symptoms of the six strains demonstrated by Koch's postulates were consistent with field symptoms,indicating that H-1,H-2,H-3 and T-1,T-2,T-3 are pathogenic pathogens of honey peach fruit rot.Further morphological observation and phylogenetic analysis showed that the pathogens of Shenzhou peach fruit rot were identified as two types.H-1,H-2 and H-3 belonged to Monilinia fruticola causing peach fruit brown rot.T-1,T-2 and T-3 belonged to Colletotrichum simense causing peach anthracnose.In order to obtain the antagonistic strains against the pathogens,plate confrontation experiment was used to screen the antagonistic strains against each pathogen with good antifungal effect.The inhibition rates of Bacillus velezensis JK-21 on H-1,H-2,H-3 and T-1,T-2,T-3 were 75.1%and 70%respectively.The bacteriostatic rates of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens JK-47 against H-1,H-2,H-3 and T-1,T-2,T-3 were 77.8%and 59.7%respectively.Taken together,the pathogens causing Shenzhou honey peach fruit rot were identified,and antagonistic strains with good antifungal effect on pathogens were screened out,which will provide a scientific basis for the diagnosis and biological control of honey peach fruit rot disease.

关 键 词：蜜桃 病原菌鉴定 褐腐病 炭疽病 拮抗细菌 

分 类 号：S436.621.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]